人口结构与区域创新能力的关系
2021-12-02胡夏青
胡夏青



摘 要:在知识经济时代,创新已成为区域的核心竞争力,对区域发展具有关键作用,而人口因素在区域创新中扮演着重要角色。该文着眼于人口结构与区域创新能力之间的关系,构建了一套指标体系,采用主成分分析法对中国31个省份的区域创新能力进行评价,并将其与人口的自然结构、社会结构和地域结构进行相关性分析,探索内在影响机制。研究发现:(1)中国区域创新能力存在显著的地域差异,东部地区创新能力高于西部地区;(2)人口的年龄结构、文化教育结构和城乡结构与区域创新能力密切相关;(3)高素质劳动年龄人口、城镇人口的增加有利于區域创新能力的提升。
关键词:区域创新 人口结构 主成分分析 相关性分析
中图分类号:C924.2;F124.3 文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2021)08(c)-0178-07
Relationship between Population Structure and Regional Innovation Ability
—Empirical Analysis Based on 31 Provinces in China
HU Xiaqing
(Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China)
Abstract: In the era of knowledge economy, innovation has become the core competitiveness of the region and plays a key role in regional development, and population factors play an important role in regional innovation. Focusing on the relationship between population structure and regional innovation ability, this paper constructs an index system to evaluate the regional innovation ability of 31 provinces in China, analyzes its correlation with the natural structure, social structure and regional structure of population and explores the internal influence mechanism. The results are as follows: (1) There are significant regional differences in China's regional innovation capability, and the innovation capability in the eastern region is higher than that in the western region. (2) The age structure, educational structure and urban-rural structure of the population are closely related to the regional innovation ability. (3) The increase of high-quality working-age population and urban population is beneficial to the promotion of regional innovation ability.
Key Words: Regional innovation; Population structure; Principal component analysis; Correlation analysis
第三次工业革命以来,高新技术行业如雨后春笋般大量兴起,世界经济发展模式发生了深刻转变。在此背景下,衍生出以脑力劳动为基础、以科学技术为核心的新经济模式,即知识经济模式。在知识经济社会,经济活动对知识的依赖性加大,知识也成为除了土地、劳动和资本外的第四大生产要素,对于区域的经济增长至关重要。作为一种特殊的资源,知识在使用过程中不会折旧,但若不加以创新,也会随着技术的发展和社会的进步而“老化”[1]。可见创新是知识经济的核心和灵魂,也是引领发展的第一动力,对于国家和区域发展具有重要意义。
人口是区域经济存在和发展的基础,也是区域劳动力的来源。……
