聚焦核心素养下小学生英语阅读能力的培养和提升
——由市小学毕业班英语质检的心得谈起
2021-11-22邱瑞菊
邱瑞菊
(福建省莆田市仙游县城东中心小学,福建莆田 351200)
引言
《课程标准》对学生阅读技能的目标要求是:能认读所学词语;能根据拼读规律,读出简单的词;能读懂教材中简短的要求或指令;能看懂贺卡等所表达的简单信息;能借助图片读懂简单的故事或小短文,并养成按意群阅读的好习惯;能正确朗读所学故事或短文[1]。
如今随着素质教育和学科核心素养的深入发展,教师应在阅读教学中加强对学生阅读素养的培养。王蔷教授认为,阅读素养包括阅读能力和阅读品格。阅读能力包括解码能力、语言知识、阅读理解、文化意识;阅读品格包括阅读习惯和阅读体验。
一、2020年市小学毕业班英语质检原题再现
总体来看,2020年市小学毕业班英语质检命题涵盖了看图识词、短语的基础知识、图文检索综合语用和绘本知识创新运用等。根据《课程标准》的要求,学生要熟练识记、背默、运用小学阶段学的720 个高频词。
例如,本次试卷第三大题:Read and choose.Paul didn't go to school today.Linda is making a phone call to him.
( ) Linda: This is Linda.May I speak to Paul?
Paul:________________
A.Speaking.B.Which one?
( ) Linda: I didn't see you at school today.Where did you go?
Paul:__________________
A.I listened to music.
B.I went to hospital to see the doctor.
( ) Linda: What's wrong with you?
Paul:__________________
A.I made a DVD for our class.
B.I have a fever.I can't go to school.
( ) Linda: I'm sorry to hear that.
Paul:__________________
A.I feel better now.But I'm worried about my lessons.
B.You're welcome.I will give you some medicine.
( ) Linda: Don't worry.I can help you with your English.
Paul:__________________
A.Why not climb a famous mountain?
B.Thanks.I hope I can go back to school soon.
Linda: You will.See you next week.
Paul: See you.
本题运用对话问答形式,创设情境,旨在考查学生对情境中对话含义、固定回答的理解和把握,要求学生有丰富的文本基础知识,对情景对话比较熟悉,并且对每题两个选项设置的短语非常熟悉,如果学生仅仅以字面意思翻译情境中的句子就很容易错选。本题各小题之间、知识点之间相互关联,交织成网,全面考查学生的语用能力;采用了打电话、在医院看病这些贴近生活的素材,从日常生活中的实际问题出发,延伸教材的学习价值;……
