译题 《教育中的人工智能：学习速度的变化》（三）

Product by UNESCO IITE （The UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education）联合国教科文组织教育信息技术研究所

该报告为UNESCO IITE新推出的“教育的数字化转型”（Digital Transformation of Education）系列出版物的第一期。据悉，“教育的数字化转型”系列将包括政策简报、分析报告和反思论文，以探讨由于技术的使用及其对教育和人類生活其他领域的影响，教育领域正在发生和正在出现的根本性变化。

3. The Promise of AI

3.1 Students

The application of Artificial Intelligence offers students of all ages， achievement levels and differing socio-economic backgrounds a number of significant benefits， each of which can result in enhanced learning experiences and improved learning outcomes.

3.1.1 Personalization

AIs ability not only to ingest and interrogate vast amounts of data， but to make connections between disparate data sources， can help to identify areas where real-time interventions or additional assistance may be required. Extrapolating from this AI makes it possible to devise a tailored or individualized learning pathway for each student.

3.1.2 Social and Emotional Growth

Research has shown that AI and multimodal social computing can help to improve cognitive， social and emotional skills. Advanced analytics and machine learning have long been employed in the private sector to deliver business insights， and increasingly these applications are entering education. Advanced analytics and machine learning hold significant potential for the development of social and emotional learning skills because they allow educators to personalize instruction， and to analyse both qualitative and quantitative data to assess and assist with a students mastery of these skills.

3.1.3 21st Century Skills

Although lists of designated 21st century skills can vary， all authorities agree that certain skills lie at the core， including： Creativity， Collaboration， Critical Thinking， Perseverance， Problem-Solving， Self-Direction， Global Awareness and Digital Literacy Skills. Assisting students in the development of the broad range of 21st century skills requires the collection and analyses of vast amounts of data and AI is required if useful insights are to be exposed， which assist them in that journey.

3.1.4 Accessibility

AI is opening doors for students with disabilities， which will profoundly alter their educational opportunities and levels of engagement. Among recent advancements driven by the use of AI have been Apps which can observe， analyse and describe the world around a visually impaired person through their mobile phone， with the ability to recognize the students friends and acquaintances， and even to describe their emotions based on such factors as facial expression and posture.

3.1.5 Well-being

AI can help the institution plan and allocate resources to support early interventions for students in need of assistance， in danger of dropping out， or undergoing a mental health， academic or personal life crisis. In this context， AIs ability to identify students in need of urgent assistance in real-time， and to predict when others may be in danger of experiencing a well-being crisis in the future using indicators and insights derived from machine learning， can literally prove a life-saver.

3.2 Educators

The effective use of AI， Data & Analytics and Machine Learning can enable educators to deliver engaging， immersive educational experiences and to build personalized learning pathways for each student utilising the augmented intelligence and insights derived from their use.

3.2.1 Effectiveness and Timesaving

AI can also save time for educators at the ‘other end of the process， by producing rich student reports which can be made available to the institution， to parents or guardians， and to the students themselves. Such reports can be made available to all stakeholders as and when required and will be both more accurate and up-to-date than traditional reports.

3.2.2 Engagement and Enjoyment

When educators can devote more of their time to class preparation and learning delivery， and less on assessments and the writing of reports， the benefits are felt by students in their classrooms and lecture halls. When students feel that their individual needs are ‘seen and considered by the educator， they feel supported and valued and are more likely to engage with their course of study.

3.2.3 Collaboration

AI can help department and faculty heads to identify the range of strengths and weaknesses across their educator cohort， and to structure collaborative approaches which maximise the collective skills of the team. Best practices which improve learning outcomes can be identified and shared， and mentorships and peer coaching relationships enhanced by ready and ongoing access to quantitative and qualitative data.

3.2.4 Professional Development and Self-Reflection

The effective use of technologies such as AI can provide educators with the same access to anytime， any place learning. AI can also assist with on-the-job and informal or independent professional development. Educators are assisted in the processes of self-reflection and skills development when supported by objective data.

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3. 人工智能的积极作用

3.1 学生

人工智能的应用为所有不同年龄、成就水平和社会经济背景的学生提供了一系列显著的好处，带来更好的学习体验和更优质的学习成果。

3.1.1 个性化学习

人工智能不仅能够接收和查询大量数据，而且能够在不同的数据源之间建立连接，这有助于确定哪些领域可能需要实时干预或额外援助。有了人工智能的推断，为每个学生设计定制的或个性化的学习路径成为可能。

3.1.2 提升社会情感技能

研究表明，人工智能和多模态社会计算有助于提高认知、社会情感技能。高级分析和机器学习长期以来一直被用于私营部门，以提供商业见解，如今它们在教育领域也应用得越来越多。高级分析和机器学习在发展社会情感学习的技能方面具有巨大潜力，因为它们允许教育者个性化教学，并分析定性和定量数据以评估学生表现，帮助学生掌握这些技能。

3.1.3 21世纪技能

尽管指定的21世纪技能清单可能有所不同，但所有权威机构都同意某些技能处于核心地位，包括创造力、协作、批判性思维、毅力、解决问题、自我指导、全球意识和数字素养。……