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马蓝生产技术规范化流程与思考

2021-11-20刘保财陈菁瑛张武君黄颖桢赵云青

福建农业科技 2021年9期

刘保财 陈菁瑛 张武君 黄颖桢 赵云青

摘 要:为规范化生产加工青黛的基原植物马蓝,以提高青黛质量,保障以马蓝为基原的中药饮片及加工业健康良好发展。采用查阅文献、实地调研、咨询同行的方法,将理论与实际相结合,概况了马蓝规范化生产技术流程,详细阐述了马蓝规范化生产的产地环境、栽培方法、采收加工等技术要求,并总结了马蓝栽培技术规范,为马蓝规范化生产提供借鉴。

关键词:马蓝;生产技术;操作规范

中图分类号:S 567.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253-2301(2021)09-0064-05

DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.09.011

Standardization Process of Production Technology for Strobilanthes Cusia

LIU Bao cai1, 2 , CHEN Jing ying1, 2* , ZHANG Wu jun1, 2 , HUANG Ying zhen1, 2 , ZHAO Yun qing1, 2

(1. Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China;

2. Medicinal Plant Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China)

Abstract: The production and processing of the original plant of indigo naturalis was standardized, in order to improve the quality of indigo naturalis and ensure the healthy and sound development of the traditional Chinese medicine decoctionpieces and the processing industry based on Strobilanthes cusia. By means of the literature review, field investigationand the consulting with peers, the technical process for the standardized production of Strobilanthes cusia was summarized by combining theory with practice. The technical requirements including the environment of producing area, cultivation methods, harvesting and processing were expounded in detail, and the technical specifications for the cultivation of Strobilanthes cusia were summarized, which could provide reference for the standardized production of Strobilanthes cusia.

Key words: Strobilanthes cusia; Production technology; Operation specification

马蓝Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek.又称南板蓝,是典型的一物多用植物,其根及根茎为中药饮片南板蓝根的基原,具有清热解毒、凉血消斑的功效,主治温疫时毒、发热咽痛、温毒发斑、丹毒[1] 。其新鲜茎叶可以加工为中药饮片青黛,具有清热解毒、凉血消斑、泻火定惊的功效,主治温毒发斑、血热吐岫、胸痛咳血、口疮、痄腮、喉痹、小儿惊痫[1] 。干燥茎叶常作为大青叶在民间应用,具有清热解毒、凉血止血的功效,主治温热病、高热头疼、发斑、肺热咳嗽、湿热泻痢、猩红热、麻疹、咽喉肿痛、吐血、牙龈出血、蛇虫咬伤等[2] 。马蓝除直接应用外,以其为原料加工为南板蓝根颗粒、复方青黛丸、复方青黛胶囊、靛玉红片等中成药[3] ,同时也是高档绘画、工艺品制作的主要原料和出口创汇的天然色料[4-5] 。随着马蓝的作用逐步被人们所认知,其用途不断被开拓。

为满足市场需求,马蓝栽培面积逐步扩大,成为具有区域特色的经济作物和主产区农户的主要收入来源。……

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