钟开勤 谢鑫鑫 曾小玲 朱朝辉 林文

摘 要：为筛选适合福州地区秋季栽培的高产快菜品种，以闽人三号为对照品种，对引进的45个快菜品种进行农艺性状和产量的比较试验。试验结果表明：金帝K2-1和新帝产量最高，产量分别为92712.75 、89945.10kg·hm-2，比对照增产63.61%、58.54%，差异达极显著水平。金帝K2-1具有整齐度高、植株高大、叶色绿、叶面微皱等特点，新帝具有整齐度高、叶色绿、内叶色黄、叶面微皱等特点，上述2个品种均适合在福州地区秋季茬口推广种植。其他参试快菜品种产量均极显著低于金帝K2-1和新帝，不適合福州地区推广种植。

关键词：快菜;秋播;适应性;福州地区

中图分类号：S 634 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2021）09-0046-05

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.09.008

Adaptability Evaluation of the 46 Varieties of Early maturingCabbage in Autumn Sowing in Fuzhou

ZHONG Kai qin， XIE Xin xin， ZENG Xiao ling， ZHU Chao hui， LIN Wen

（Fuzhou Vegetable Science Institute， Fuzhou， Fujian 350111， China）

Abstract： In order to screen the high yield varieties of early maturing cabbage suitable for the autumn cultivation in Fuzhou area， the comparative experiment was carried out on the agronomic characters and yields of the 45 introduced varieties of early maturing cabbage， with Minren No.3as the control variety. The results showed that Jindi K2-1and Xindi had the highest yield， which was respectively

92712.75kg·hm-2 and 89945.10kg·hm-2， increasing by 63.61 % and 58.54 % compared with the control group， and the difference reached the extremely significant level. Jindi K2-1 had the characteristics of high uniformity， tall plants， green leaf color and slightly wrinkled leaf surface， while Xindi had the characteristics of high uniformity， green leaf color， yellow inner leaf color and slightly wrinkled leaf surface. The above two varieties were suitable for being planted in the autumn stubble in Fuzhou area. The yields of the other tested varieties of early maturing cabbage were all significantly lower than those of Jindi K2-1 and Xindi， which were not suitable for being planted in Fuzhou.

Key words： Early maturing cabbage; Autumn sowing; Adaptabiltiy; Fuzhou area

快速生长白菜简称为快菜，福州地区称为快白，在我国南北各地均可种植，以绿叶为产品主体，生长前期为散叶，生长中后期开始结球，叶球通常为纺锤形[1-4] 。快菜味道清甜嫩脆，风味好，煮食易烂，深受广大消费者的青睐。快菜生长速度快，采收期长，散叶和结球均可上市，栽培方法较简单，复种指数高，经济效益明显，近年来种植规模不断扩大[5-8] 。福州地区秋冬季快菜的栽培面积逐年扩大，目前市场上品种不少，但适宜福州地区秋季种植的耐湿性比较好的快菜品种不多，现有的品种由于栽培多年，抗病性降低，产量下降，栽培管理难度加大。因此，市场急需抗性好、产量更高的新品种来替代现有品种。目前，关于筛选适合福州地区秋季栽培快菜品种的报道不多。朱彬[9] 于2018年对适合福州地区栽培的快菜品种进行研究，但快菜品种均来源于福建金品农业科技股份有限公司生产。……