任德宝

摘 要：為筛选出具有丰产性、稳定性、适应性、抗逆性、品质优良并适合福清市栽培的甘薯新品种，2020年在福建省种子总站的组织下，引进12个高产、优质淀粉型甘薯品种和11个食用及加工紫薯型甘薯品种进行观察和品比试验，综合考察引进的甘薯新品种特征特性、产量表现、品质表现和抗病性等。结果表明：高产、优质淀粉型甘薯新品种中，黄金薯1号和金薯18鲜薯产量高，外观品质、食味品质和抗病性较好，干物率和淀粉率较高;福薯604鲜薯产量较高，外观品质好，食味品质较好，抗病性强，大薯率高，干物率和淀粉率较高;以上3个品种综合表现较好，适宜在福清市当地种植，建议可作为鲜食型或淀粉加工型品种进行示范推广。食用及加工紫薯型甘薯品种中，龙紫12号和金薯17鲜薯产量排名第1和第2位，外观品质和食味品质均表现较好，干物率和淀粉率高，抗病性强，建议可作为紫色鲜食型品种或加工型品种进行示范推广。

关键词：甘薯;新品种;筛选;引进

中图分类号：S 531 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2021）08-0027-08

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.09.005

Introduction and Screening of New Varieties of Sweet Potato in Fuqing City

REN De bao

（Fujian Fuqing Seed Service Station， Fuzhou， Fujian 350300， China）

Abstract： In order to screen out the new varieties of sweet potato with high yield， stability， adaptability， stress resistance and good quality， which were suitable for the cultivation in Fuqing City， the 12 high yield and high-quality varieties of starch type sweet potato and the 11 edible and processed varieties of purple sweet potato were introduced for the observation and variety comparative test by Fujian Seed Station in 2020， and then the characteristics， yield， quality and disease resistance of the introduced varieties of sweet potato were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that among the new varieties of high yield and high quality starch type sweet potato， Huangjinshu No.1and Jinshu 18 had high yield， good exterior quality， good eating quality and good disease resistance， with high dry matter ratio and starch yield rate， while Fushu 604 had high yield of fresh tuber， good exterior quality， good eating quality， strong disease resistance， and high percentage of large tuber， with high dry matter ratio and starch yield rate. The above three varieties all had good comprehensive performance and were suitable to be planted locally in Fuqing City， which were suggested to be used as the fresh eating or starch processing varieties for the demonstration and extension. Among the varieties of edible and processed purple sweet potato， Longzi No.12and Jinshu 17 ranked first and second in terms of fresh tuber yield， with good exterior quality and eating quality， high dry matter ratio and starch yield rate， and strong disease resistance. It was suggested that they could be used as the purple fresh eating varieties or processed varieties for the demonstration and extension.

Key words： Sweet potato; New varieties; Screening; Introduction

甘薯Ipomea batatas L.Lam.属于旋花科Convolvulaceae甘薯属Ipomoea一年生或多年生草本植物，别称红薯、红苕、地瓜、番薯等[1-2] 。甘薯是中国第四大粮食作物，种植面积和总产量均居世界首位，在福建则是第二大粮食作物，具有举足轻重的地位[3-4] 。甘薯具有产量高、稳产性好、抗逆性强、用途广泛等特点，是一种高产的粮食作物。近年来，甘薯集约化生产经营发展较快，让鲜薯提早上市或加工成薯片可以获得较高的经济收益[5] 。……