杨昊 彭开丽

摘要：  利用湖北省667个农户调查样本数据，运用Heckman模型，实证分析不同收入类型对农户土地流转决策行为的影响。结果表明，①农户家庭收入中不同收入类型对土地流转决策行为有不同的影响。农业经营收入对农户土地转入有显著正向影响，但对土地转出有显著负向影响;农业补贴收入负向影响土地转入，但对土地转出无显著影响，非农工资收入对农户土地转出有显著正向影响。不同非农工资收入水平对农户土地流转决策行为具有不同的影响，只有较高的非农工资收入才能促进土地转出。因此，本研究提出应在提高农业生产能力和农户非农就业能力的同时，完善土地流转相关配套政策，改善农业补贴水平和方式的政策建议。

关键词：  家庭收入; 土地流转; 农户决策行为; Heckman模型; 工具变量

中图分类号：  F323.8;F321.1    文献标识码： A    文章编号：  1000-4440（2021）05-1320-07

Impacts of household income on farmers land transfer decision

YANG Hao， PENG Kai-li

（College of Public Administration， Huazhong Agricultural University， Wuhan 430070， China）

Abstract：  The survey data collected from 667 households in Hubei province were used to analyze the impact of income on farmers′ land transfer decision-making behavior by using Heckman model. The results indicated that different-types of househdd income had different effects on farmers′ land transfer decision. Agricultural income had a significant positive impact on farmers′ land flow in， but had a significant negative impact on land flow out. Agricultural subsidy had a negative impact on land flow in， but had no significant impact on land flow out. Non-agricultural income had a significant positive impact on land flow out. Different levels of non-agricultural income also had different effects on farmers' land transfer decision. Only higher non-agricultural income could promote farmers to flow out land. In order to develop the farmland transfer market， it is needed to enhance farmers′ capability of agricultural production and non-agricultural employment， and improve the supporting policies of farmland transfer and the level and method of agricultural subsidy.

Key words：  household income; land transfer; farmers′ decision-making behavior; Heckman model; instrumental variable

“农业发展、农民增收、农村稳定”一直以来是中国经济发展的焦点问题，农村土地流转和农民增收作为破解“三农”问题的关键和总抓手倍受政策制定者的高度关注  [1] ，  2014- 2019年的中央一号文件均先后提出要“建立、健全、规范、引导、鼓励、放活”土地承包經营权有序流转，发展多目标、多形式的适度规模经营，完善土地流转运行体制，切实实现农业增效和农民增收，为引导农用地有序流转提供了有力的政策支持。目前，以家庭为主体的土地流转普遍且长期存在，农户个体的土地流转决策行为将对土地流转市场的发展产生重要的影响。……