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燕麦不同锌效率品种苗期耐低锌胁迫的根系形态差异

2021-11-14齐冰洁何竹青孙艳楠张智勇

江苏农业学报 2021年5期

齐冰洁 何竹青 孙艳楠 张智勇

摘要:  为了揭示燕麦耐低锌胁迫的根系形态响应,以燕麦锌高效品种晋燕2004和锌低效品种8202为试验材料,采用营养液培养方法,设置正常供锌 (1× 10  -6   mol/L )和低锌胁迫 (1× 10  -8   mol/L )2个供锌水平,处理时间为0 d、15 d、25 d、35 d,测定不同锌效率燕麦品种苗期生长状况及根系形态指标。结果表明:正常供锌和低锌处理0 d、15 d,两品种干物质量、最大根长、根系总长、总根尖数、表面积、体积均无显著差异;低锌处理25 d和35 d时,锌高效品种晋燕2004地上部和根系干物质量显著高于锌低效品种8202,锌高效品种晋燕2004的最大根长、根系总长、总根尖数、表面积、体积均显著高于锌低效品种8202。说明锌高效品种受低锌胁迫的影响小于锌低效品种,且随胁迫时间长短而表现不同差异。

关键词:  燕麦; 低锌胁迫; 锌效率; 根系形态

中图分类号:  S512.6    文献标识码: A    文章编号:  1000-4440(2021)05-1119-06

Morphological differences of root in oat cultivars with different zinc-efficiency under low zinc stress

QI Bing-jie  1 , HE Zhu-qing  1 , SUN Yan-nan  1 , ZHANG Zhi-yong  2

(1.College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; 2.Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hohhot 010031, China)

Abstract:  In order to reveal the response mechanism of oat resistant to low zinc stress, oat cultivars Jinyan 2004 (higher Zn efficiency) and 8202 (lower Zn efficiency) were selected as materials and treated at 0 d, 15 d, 25 d and 35 d under normal zinc supply (1×10  -6   mol/L ) and low zinc stress (1×10  -8   mol/L ), and the seedling growth status and root morphological indices were studied. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the amount of dry matter, maximum root length, root length, total root tip number, surface area and volume of oat between two varieties under normal zinc supply (1×10  -6   mol/L ) and low zinc stress (1×10  -8   mol/L ) at 0 d and 15 d. At 25 d and 35 d of low zinc treatment, the amount of dry matter, maximum root length, root length, total root tip number, surface area and volume of Jinyan 2004 were significantly higher than those of 8202. In short, the effect of low zinc stress on the higher Zn efficiency oat cultivars is less than that on lower Zn efficiency oat cultivars, and which is influenced by stress time.

Key words:  oat; low zinc stress; zinc efficiency; root morphology

锌在植物整个生命过程中起到至关重要的作用  [1] ,参与植物蛋白质、叶绿素的合成,与植物代谢、碳水化合物转化等生理过程密切相关  [2-3] 。土壤锌元素缺乏一直以來都是制约中国农业发展的重要问题之一,且可溶性锌在土壤锌形态中占比很小,而其又是植物根系吸收锌元素的主要形式,因此选育耐低锌品种十分必要  [4] 。植物锌高效特性与其改变土壤锌有效性的能力及根系吸收锌的能力有紧密联系  [5] 。植物在一定范围内的低锌胁迫可以通过改变自身根系的形态构型,如增加根系长度、吸收面积和根尖数等措施使根系与外界环境的接触面积增大,从而使根系对锌的吸收能力增强,保证植物在低锌胁迫下,依旧能维持相对正常的锌吸收效率,向地上部提供生长发育所需的锌  [6-7] 。……

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