习前听 邢梦雪 钟丽萍 周苏杭 李凤 肖祖飞

摘 要： 阴香、刨花楠、香叶树和樟是常见的园林绿化树种，具有较高的观赏价值和经济用途。为阴香、刨花楠、香叶树和樟苗木的快速繁殖提供理论依据，以阴香、刨花楠、香叶树、樟的1 a生半木质化枝条为材料，研究不同浓度IBA对其绿枝扦插生根的影响。结果表明，阴香、刨花楠、香叶树和樟的生根能力差异显著，IBA能够显著促进四种樟科植物插穗生根（p<0.05），但不同树种最适IBA浓度不同。阴香、香叶树和刨花楠插穗生根最适IBA浓度为2 000 mg·L-1，生根率分别为84.95%、78.26%和78.16%，根数分别为6.33、1.33和10.17，根长分别为17.9 cm、4.42 cm和4.32 cm。樟插穗生根最适IBA浓度为3 000 mg·L-1，生根率（85.42%）和根数（9.67）达到最大。由隶属函数综合评价得出4个树种生根效果，香叶树的隶属函数均值最大（0.56），生根效果最好，其次是樟（0.54）和阴香（0.53），均值较小的是刨花楠（0.46），生根效果最差。

关键词： 樟科;绿枝扦插;IBA;生根率

中图分类号：S792.23   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1004-3020（2021）05-0008-05

Effects of IBA on Rooting of Leafy Cuttings of Four Lauraceae Tree Species

Xi Qianting Xing Mengxue Zhong Liping Zhou Suhang Li Feng Xiao Zufei

（1.Nanchang Institute of Technology Nanchang 330099;2.Jiangxi Porvincial Engineering Reseach Center of

Seed-breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees Nanchang 330099）

Abstract：

Cinnamomum burmanii，Machilus pauhoi，Lindera communis and Cinnamomum camphora are common tree species in garden afforestation，which have high ornamental and economic value.The rooting of leafy cuttings of C.burmanii，M.pauhoi，L.communis and C.camphora was studied with IBA treament，in order to provide theoretical basis for rapid propagation of nursery stock.The results showed that there were significant difference in rooting ability among C.burmanii，M.pauhoi，L.communis and C.camphora.The application of IBA can significantly promote the rooting of leafy cuttings （p<0.05），but the optimum IBA concentration of different tree species is different.The optimum IBA dosage for C.burmanii，M.pauhoi and L.communis was 2 000 mg·L-1，the rooting rate was 84.95%，78.26% and 78.16%，the number of roots was 6.33，1.33 and 10.17，and length of roots was 17.9 cm，4.42 cm and 4.32 cm respectively.The rooting rate （85.42%） and root number （9.67） of C.camphora leafy cuttings were the highest with 3 000 mg·L-1 IBA treatment.The rooting ability of C.burmanii，M.pauhoi，L.communis and C.camphora was evaluated by membership function method.The results showed that the average value from L.communis was the highest （0.56），the rooting ability was the best，followed by C.camphora （0.54） and C.burmanii （0.53），the average value from M.pauhoi （0.46） was the least，the rooting ability was the worst.

Key words： Lauraceae;leafy cutting;IBA;rooting rate

陰香Cinnamomum burmanii、刨花楠Machilus pauhoi、香叶树Lindera communis和樟Cinnamomum camphora隶属樟科Lauraceae，四季常绿、树形优美，是园林绿化常见树种，也是长江流域以南常见阔叶林树种。与其它繁殖方式比较，扦插繁殖具有操作简单、繁殖系数高、成本低、能够保持母本优良性状等优点，是樟科植物无性繁殖的主要方式。影响樟科植物扦插生根的因素较多，如树种（基因型）、树龄、生长调节剂、枝条营养状况等。研究表明，1 a生樟插穗生根率（89%）高于5 a生（77%），显著高于16 a生（15%）和40 a生母树（0.7%）[1]，扦插生根率随母树年龄的增加而显著下降。以樟枝条梢部做插穗进行扦插，生根率可高达90%，是基部做插穗扦插生根率的2.25倍[2]，插穗的取材位置影响扦插生根率。插穗的粗细和长度对樟树扦插生根率也有影响，插穗粗度为0.5 cm、长度15 cm左右，生根率较高[3-6]。生长调节剂与插穗不定根形成密切相关，用1 000 mg·kg-1 IBA或50 mg·kg-1 ABT溶液处理龙脑樟嫩枝插穗，扦插成活率80%～85%，最高可达95%以上[7]。扦插应考虑所在区域的气候条件，选择适宜时间进行扦插，江西抚州地区，4～8月均可进行芳樟大田扦插育苗[8]，闽西北地区，5～7月适合樟扦插[9]，厦门地区8～10月适宜樟扦插，扦插成活率达83%以上[10]。……