中国典型大城市交通安全特征对比研究
2021-11-09裴莹莹王雪松杨敏明高岩
裴莹莹 王雪松 杨敏明 高岩



摘 要:为提升城市交通安全管理水平,对我国12个典型大城市的交通事故变化趋势以及安全影响因素进行了纵向分析和横向对比。建立了多元线性回归模型,探讨路网特征、出行方式结构等重要影响因素的作用效应。结果表明:不同城市的交通安全发展呈现出规律性特征,科学紧凑的交通路网布局有利于提升交通系统的安全性能;增大集约型公交出行比例和慢行交通出行比例将有效降低城市交通事故死亡率。
关键词:道路交通安全;对比分析;路网特征;出行方式结构
基金项目:道路交通安全“十四五”规划(2020SJD06);道路安全现状分析与对策建议研究
Comparative analysis of traffic safety characteristics of typical metropolis in China
PEI Yingying1,WANG Xuesong1,YANG Minming2,GAO Yan3
(1.Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;2.China Academy of Urban Planning & Design,Hhanghai Branch,Shanghai 200335,China;3.Traffic Management Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security,Wuxi 214151,China)
Abstract: To improve the urban traffic safety management, this study conducted city-level traffic safety comparison and analysis in 12 Chinese cities. Multivariate linear regression model was used to explore the potential impacts of several key factors on traffic safety, such as the road network characteristics and different travel mode shares. Modeling results showed that the development of traffic safety in different cities have regularity characteristics. Narrow roads and dense networks have potential strength in enhancing the traffic safety performance. Higher proportion of public transport and nonmotorized traffic were associated with less traffic fatality rate.
Keywords: Road traffic safety; comparison and analysis; road network; travel mode shares
道路交通安全水平是影响居民出行和城市发展的重要因素之一。提升道路交通安全水平,不仅是经济社会可持续发展的基本保障,也是交通强国“安全强本”的根本要求。近年来,我国大城市交通安全发展呈现出差异化的特征。2019年,北京、广州道路交通十万人死亡率分别为5.8和7.5,约为深圳、重庆等其它超大城市的2-3倍,交通安全状况不容乐观。
当前,我国城镇化已由单个城市主导转变为以大城市为核心、城市网络化的都市圈发展为主导的阶段,城市群一体化成为了未来创新发展的驱动力。各个城市扮演的角色不再是孤立静止的,应积极对标先进、互联共通,通过将不同城市置于同一维度,分析其交通安全特征的异同点,总结先进城市交通安全管理经验,形成交通安全改善对策,提升精细化交通治理能力。……
