苏州市饮用水源地湖泊沉积物现状及污染评价
2021-11-03蒋思丝夏维达蔡晔
蒋思丝 夏维达 蔡晔



摘 要:以苏州市4个饮用水源地湖泊底质淤泥为调查目标,分别采用单因子污染指数法与内梅罗污染指数法评价、分析苏州市地区饮用水源地的受污染情况。结果表明,4地饮用水源地均属于清洁,但砷(As)和汞(Hg)的单因子污染指数较高,可能会对饮用水存在长期潜在污染风险。其原因在于高工业化水平和城市化水平、农业面源污染。因此,对中小规模工厂的严格监管和农业面源污染的有效管控是治理太湖流域环境的有效举措。
关键词:沉积物;饮用水源地;评价
中图分类号 X52 文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)19-0133-03
Situation and Pollution Assessment of Lake Sediments in Drinking Water Sources of Suzhou City
JIANG Sisi et al.
(Jiangsu Province Suzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Suzhou 215000, China)
Abstract: According to the sediments of the four drinking water source in Suzhou City, the pollution situation of drinking water sources conducted a detailed investigation and experimental analysis. The result showed that: by the single factor pollution index method and Nemerow pollution index method, the pollution indexes of the four areas are clean.However, the single factor pollution indexes of As and Hg are high. The first reason is high levels of Industrialization and Urbanization.The second reason is agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore, strict supervision of small and medium-sized factories and effective control of agricultural non-point source pollution are effective measures to clean up the environment in Taihu Lake Watershed.
Key words: Sediments; Drinking water sources; Assessment
2014年4月17日,环境保护部和国土资源部联合发布的《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》指出,我国土壤污染物总的点超标率为16.1%,无机污染物超标点位占全部超标点位的82.8%,其中主要的重金属污染物为镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)等[1]。可见,当前我国土壤重金属污染仍十分严重。近几年来,随着太湖流域周边人口数量的急剧增加、城市化进程的日益加快和周边产业布局的调整,太湖流域周边城市土壤重金属污染,特别是苏州、无锡在江苏省内相对最严重,两者的中等或重污染土壤比例均超过7%[2],可能会导致流域内底质中沉积物重金属不断累积[3]。为此,笔者以苏州市4个饮用水源地湖泊底质淤泥为调查目标,分别采用单因子污染指数法与内梅罗污染指数法评价、分析苏州市地区饮用水源地的受污染情况,以期对饮用水源地治理和修复提供科学依据。……
