周家新 段昶 曹亚凡 黄金辉 金康 程黄萍 柏永超 王永齐 杨悦章

摘 要：为改善商洛烟区土壤肥力，促进烤烟生长发育，开展了微生物不同菌剂与不同施用量双因素大田试验，对烤烟植物学性状和农艺性状进行分析。结果表明：（1）巨大芽孢杆菌和复合菌剂的低水平处理（A1、C1和C2）的植物学性状相对较优;（2）B4处理株高最高，平均为129.7cm，比对照高12.8%，适量应用微生物菌剂对烟株生长具有良好的促进作用;（3）烤烟茎围B1最大为13.9cm，与对照相比增加12.1%，低水平微生物菌剂的应用能够增加烤烟的莖围，但施用量过多不利于茎围的增加;（4）施用微生物菌剂的各处理烤烟节距均高于对照，其中C1最高为7.77cm;（5）各处理烤烟腰叶长度以C1最高为83cm，与对照相比分别增加12.2%，同一菌剂内不同水平处理表现出不同的增减趋势;（6）各处理烤烟腰叶宽度以C1最高为45.7cm，与对照相比增加15.7%。

关键词：烤烟;微生物菌剂;植物学性状;农艺性状

中图分类号 S572  文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）19-0040-04

Effects of Microbial Agents on Botanical and Agronomic Characters of Flue-cured Tobacco

ZHOU Jiaxin1 et al.

（1Huahuan International Tobacco Co.， Ltd， Chuzhou 233121， China）

Abstract： In order to improve the soil fertility and promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco in Shangluo tobacco growing area， a field experiment with different microbial agents and different application rates was carried out to study and analyze the botanical and agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that：（1） the botanical characters of low-level treatments （A1， C1 and C2） of Bacillus megaterium and compound microbial agents were relatively better; （2）The plant height of B4 treatment was the highest， with an average of 129.7cm， 12.8% higher than that of the control; （3）The maximum stem girth B1 of flue-cured tobacco was 13.9cm， which increased by 12.1% compared with the control. The application of low-level microbial agents could affect the stem girth of flue-cured tobacco， but excessive application was not conducive to the increase of stem girth; （4）The results showed that the pitch of flue-cured tobacco was higher than that of the control， and the highest value of C1 was 7.77cm; （5）The length of C1 was 83cm in all treatments， which increased by 12.2% compared with the control; （6）Among all treatments， C1 had the highest waist leaf width of 45.7cm， which increased by 15.7% compared with the control.

Key words： Flue-cured Tobacco; Microbial Inoculum; Botanical Characters; Agronomic Characters

土壤微生物是土壤肥力的重要组成部分，是促进土壤物质循环和植物营养吸收的重要因素，丰富且合理的微生物是土壤肥力的重要保障[1]。多年不恰当的耕作措施与化肥农药的滥用，导致我国农田土壤微生物群落多样性下降[2-4]。近年来，人为施入具活性的微生物菌剂已成为改善土壤微生物群落的重要手段。当前，烤烟上施用微生物菌剂的报道较多，均取得了较好效果，且主要集中在改善土壤理化性状、促进烟株生长以及提高烟叶产质量等方面[5-7]。……