黄精种苗繁育组织培养技术研究进展
2021-11-03董薇余永亮杨红旗李春明梁慧珍
董薇 余永亮 杨红旗 李春明 梁慧珍
摘 要:黄精组培繁育技术可以在短时间内繁育大量种苗,从源头上解决黄精市场供需矛盾。该文从黄精外植体灭菌、根状茎不定芽诱导、种子萌发诱导、不定芽增殖、组培苗生根培养等方面综述了黄精组培苗繁育技术的研究进展,旨在为黄精组培快繁体系的优化和完善提供参考。
关键词:黄精;组织培养;种苗繁育;研究进展
中图分类号 S567.23文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)19-0015-03
Advance of Study on Tissue Culture Seedling Breeding Technology of Polygonati rhizoma
DONG Wei et al.
(Sesame Research Center of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China)
Abstract: The tissue culture of polygonatum Sibiricum can breed a large number of seedlings in a short time and solve the contradiction between supply and demand in the market of polygonatum sibiricum.In this paper, the advances in studies on the propagation of polygonatum Sibiricum by tissue culture were reviewed, including explant sterilization, adventitious bud induction from rhizomes, induction of seed germination, adventitious bud multiplication, rooting of tissue culture seedlings and so on.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the optimization and perfection of tissue culture and rapid propagation system of polygonatum Sibiricum.
Key words: Polygonati rhizome; Tissue culture and rapid propagation; Research progress
黃精(Polygonati rhizoma)为百合科植物滇黄精(Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl.)、黄精(Polygonatum sibiricum Red.)或多花黄精(Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua)的干燥根茎[1]。黄精具有补气养阴、润肺、健脾、滋肾等功效,是一种临床上经常使用的中药。现代药理学研究表明,黄精能增强人体T细胞的作用,因而可以使人体增强免疫力,同时还能有效预防中老年疾病。黄精不仅有着良好的药用功效,其中含大量蛋白质和维生素还能被当做蔬菜日常食用。目前,市场上对黄精的需求旺盛,随着黄精野外资源变少,很多地区开始人工种植黄精。黄精种植方式主要有种子播种、根茎繁殖和组培繁殖3种[2-4]。其中,种子繁殖和根茎繁殖存在繁殖周期长、前期投入大等缺点,而组织培养技术能有效解决黄精种苗繁育难、繁育慢等问题。本文通过对黄精植物组织培养中外植体灭菌、不定芽诱导、不定芽增殖、组培苗生根的关键因素进行系统综述,旨在为黄精植物的组织培养快速繁殖技术提供参考。
1 黄精组培苗繁育技术研究进展
1.1 外植体灭菌 黄精植物组织培养大多数都是选择黄精根状茎作为外植体,也有用种子和嫩芽作为外植体的。……
