崔曦文 张竞琼

摘要： 近代上海洗染业在传统手工洗染方式的基础上，结合西方的洗涤机器、化学染料等技术，从最初分散的洗衣作坊、染坊逐步合并成长为现代化的新法洗染店。在上海经历了“西风东渐”的影响后，洗染业整体上也不断得到发展，至20世纪40年代已然达到繁荣规模，并与西服业、百货业等行业的发展紧密联系，成为这一时期上海不可或缺的服务行业。文章从服装专业史的角度，结合借鉴相关史料，对20世纪40年代前后上海洗染业发展规模进行研究并总结其分布规律，得出洗染店的分布特点不同于西装业在商业中心的聚集，而是以分散性为主，并与百货业的分布规律较为相似的结论。

关键词：

洗染业;服务业;近代上海;发展规模;分布规律

中图分类号： TS973.1

文献标志码： B

文章编号： 1001-7003（2021）10-0088-07

引用页码： 101204

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7003.2021.10.014（篇序）

Study on the development scale and distribution law of laundry and dyeing industryin Shanghai in the 1940s

CUI Xiwen， ZHANG Jingqiong

（School of Design， Jiangnan University， Wuxi 214122， China）

Abstract：

On the basis of traditional hand laundry and dyeing， combined with western washing machines， chemical dyes and other technologies， the original scattered laundry workshops and dyeing workshops gradually merged into the modern new laundry and dyeing shops. After Shanghai experienced the influence of "the East learning from the West"， the laundry and dyeing industry also continued to developas a whole. By the 1940s， it had reached the scale of boom，and was closely associated to the development of the suit industry， department store industry and other industries， and became an indispensable service sector in modern Shanghai. In this paper， from the perspective of the history of garment specialty， combined with relevant historical data， the development scale of the laundry and dyeing industry in Shanghai in the 1940s was studied and its distribution lawwas summarized. It is concluded that the distribution characteristics of laundry and dyeing shops are different from those of suit industry incommercial centers， but principally dispersed， and the distribution law is similar to that of department store industry.

Key words：

laundry and dyeing industry; service industry; modern Shanghai; development scale; distribution law

收稿日期： 2021-03-01;

修回日期： 2021-09-10

基金項目：

作者简介： 崔曦文（1997），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为近代服装史。通信作者：张竞琼，教授，j.q.chang@126.com。

洗染业属于服务行业的一种，与人们日常生活穿着的服装有着紧密联系，也是伴随着西装业、时装业等服装行业及百货业的发展而不断进步的行业。近年来，国内外研究学者对于现代城市中洗染行业的相关问题有一定的研究，如江南大学李敏对近代青岛洗染业的规模探讨[1]、中国农业大学学者对于商标在现代连锁洗染店发展中起到的重要作用的探讨[2]、关于皮革皮毛织品的洗染业问题探讨[3]等，但缺少有关近代洗染业的发展和行业规模的研究。……