湖南隆回县主要农作物富硒情况及农作物
2021-10-22宋江涛,贾朋远,林治家,贺晨骋
宋江涛,贾朋远,林治家,贺晨骋



摘 要 在“湖南省隆回县土地质量调查”项目的资助下,本研究系统地采集测试了隆回县农作物及根系土样品。采用数据统计、相关性分析等方法,分析农产品富硒及重金属含量的情况,同时着重研究了农产品与土壤中重金属含量关系。研究结果表明:隆回县农作物普遍富硒,并且每种农作物的富硒能力不同;隆回县主要农作物受到重金属污染的程度较小;土壤有机质和pH是影响作物对土壤重金属吸收累积的重要环境因素。
关键词 隆回县;富硒;农作物;重金属;元素迁移
中图分类号: P618.76 文献标志码:A
Analysis On Selenium Enrichment of Main Crops and Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals In Crop Root Soil In Longhui, Hunan
Song Jiangtao, Jia Pengyuan, Lin Zhijia, He Chencheng
(Hunan Institute of Geological Survey, Changsha Hunan 410116)
Abstract: Under the support of "land quality survey of Longhui County, Hunan Province", the samples of crops and root soil were collected and tested systematically. The content of selenium and heavy metals in agricultural products were analyzed by means of classification statistics, correlation analysis and content distribution scatter diagram. The relationship between the content of heavy metals in agricultural products and soil was emphatically studied. The results showed that the crops in Longhui County are rich in selenium, and the ability of each kind of crops was different. The main crops in Longhui County are less polluted by heavy metals, and soil organic matter and pH are the important environmental factors that affect the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals.
Keywords: Longhui county;selenium rich; crops; heavy metal;element migration
硒作为自然界中稀少而又分散的元素,其在地壳中的丰度仅为0.13mg/kg[1]。据统计,世界上有70%以上的地区缺硒,中国有72%的县市不同程度的缺硒,其中1/3为严重缺硒区[2]。硒作为人体中必要的微量元素,不仅能起到防癌、防镉中毒,同时对砷和汞元素的毒性有显著的拮抗作用。相关研究表明人体内缺乏硒元素会引发糖尿病、心血管疾病甚至癌症等几十种疾病[3]。所以硒作为人体中必要的微量元素越来越受到人们的关注。
一直以来农作物与土壤中重金属元素的之间的关系是国内外农业生态环境领域的学者研究的重点及热点 [4-6],同时也是土地质量评价的重要基础[7-8]。由于全球土壤受重金属元素污染越发严重 [9],土壤重金属污染及其生态环境效应研究仍将是今后环境地球化学研究的重要课题。大量研究表明农作物对土壤重金属的吸收量、累积富集系数不仅与作物类型、品种等生物学因素有关,还与土壤中重金属元素含量以及土壤环境例如有机质、酸碱度等理化性质密切相关 [10]。……
