李文砚 周婧 张秀芬 周彩霞 黄丽君 卢美瑛 赵静 卓福昌 罗培四 韦优

摘要：【目的】综合评价苹婆（Sterculia nobilis Smith）种质资源，筛选苹婆优异种质，为加快苹婆新品种选育进程提供理论参考。【方法】应用层次分析法（AHP）—模糊综合评价法（FCE）的数学模型建立20个苹婆种质资源综合评价体系，再结合逼近理想解的排序法（DTOPSIS），筛选出综合性状表现优良的苹婆品系。【结果】经AHP法构建的4个准则层指标权重值及11个单项指标权重值均通过一致性检验，经FCE法进行综合评判，建立的苹婆种质资源综合评价体系最终得分为90.02，评价结果优良。结合DTOPSIS法计算苹婆各品系理想解的相对接近度（Ci）存在明显差异，其中，品系NYS-17和NYS-12的Ci值较高，分别为0.77852和0.77843，具有树体高大、平均单株产量高、可食率高、抗性强及种子的淀粉、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量高等特性，而NYS-7、NYS-8、NYS-10、NYS-11和NYS-9综合表现较差，与田间实际观测结果一致。【结论】应用AHP—FCE数学模型结合DTOPSIS法可应用于苹婆及其他作物的综合评价，筛选出的优良品系NYS-17和NYS-12适合用于良种选育。

关键词： 苹婆;种质资源;AHP-FCE数学模型;DTOPSIS法;综合评价

Abstract：【Objective】The good germplasm was screened out by comprehensive evaluation of various characters of Sterculia nobilis Smith，which provided reference for accelerating the breeding of new varieties. 【Method】The mathematical model of analytic hierarchy process（AHP） - fuzzy comprehensive evaluation（FCE） was applied to establish and evaluate the comprehensive evaluation system of 20 S. nobilis Smith materials，then，dynamic technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution（DTOPSIS） was used to select the lines with good comprehensive traits. 【Result】The weights of 4criterion indexes and 11 single indexes constructed by AHP method passed the consistency test. After FCE analysis，the final score of the comprehensive evaluation system of S. nobilis Smith was 90.02，and the evaluation result was excellent. The relative proximity values（Ci） of each ideal solution of 20 lines were greatly different by using DTOPSIS method，the Ci values of lines NYS-17 and NYS-12 were 0.77852 and 0.77843，respectively. It presented that the tree was tall，the average yield per plant was high，the edible rate was high，the resistance was strong， and the content of starch，soluble sugar and soluble protein was high，and the comprehensive performance of NYS-7， NYS-8， NYS-10， NYS-11 and NYS-9 was bad， which were consistent with the actual observation results in the field. 【Conclusion】In this study，AHP-FCE mathematical model and DTOPSIS method are used to comprehensively evaluate the germplasm resources of S. nobilis Smith，the excellent lines NYS-17 and NYS-12 are screened out.

Key words： Sterculia nobilis Smith; germplasm resources; AHP-FCE mathematical model; DTOPSIS method; comprehensive evaluation

0 引言

【研究意義】苹婆（Sterculia nobilis Smith）原产我国华南地区，现已有1000多年的栽培历史（冯文星等，2007;任惠等，2013），其经济价值高，成熟种子淀粉含量约占60%（任惠等，2013），可鲜食，亦可加工成果脯等农副产品，种子和蓇葖果荚均具有较强的抗氧化能力（Li et al.，2012;Zhang et al.，2018）。此外，苹婆是优良的行道树木，是极具开发潜力的树种。目前，我国苹婆处于野生、半野生状态，无规模化果用性栽培品种（系）。因此，建立一种适合苹婆的综合评价体系并筛选出适宜本地栽培且抗性强的果用优良树种显得尤为重要，对促进我国苹婆选育种及创新利用均具有重要意义。……