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基于SWOT分析的江西棉花产业发展现状与对策

2021-10-07刘谢奇华彭炼波齐悦邹萍张玮航刘滨

棉花科学 2021年6期

刘谢奇华 彭炼波 齐悦 邹萍 张玮航 刘滨

摘要:近年来,江西省棉花产业呈现不断萎缩的局面,为稳定江西省棉花种植面积,推动江西省棉花产业的发展。课题组通过查阅资料、实地调查等方法,搜集了大量的数据,运用SWOT分析,对江西棉花产业的优势、劣势及面临的机遇和挑战进行分析,并针对存在的问题,从稳固棉花基础性地位、提高农民植棉积极性、完善基础设施建设、培育新型植棉主体、开发植棉新机械、强化棉花产品质量等方面提出了建议。

关键词:江西省;棉花产业;SWOT分析法;发展对策;

中图分类号:S562文献标识码:A文章编号:2095-3143(2021)06-0009-06

DOl:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3143,2021,06.002

The Development Situation and Countermeasures of jiangxi Cotton Industry Based on SwoT Analysis

Liu xiegihua Peng Lianbo, Qi Yue Zou Ping Zhang Weihang Liu Bin

(1. College of Economic Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University. , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China

2. Anfu County Agricultural Technology Extension Center. , Jian, Jiangxi 343200, China; 3. Three Rural Issues Research Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University. Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China

Abstract: In recent years, the cotton industry in Jiangxi Province has been shrunk continuously, aiming to stabilize the cotton planting area and promote the cotton industry development in Jiangxi Province. Research group collected a large amount of data by consulting data, field survey and other methods, using SWOT analysis to ana-lyze the advantages, disadvantages and opportunities and challenges of Jiangxis cotton industry. In response to ex isting problems, suggestions were made in terms of stabilizing cotton basic status, improve the enthusiasm of farmers, improve infrastructure construction, cultivate new cotton main body, develop new cotton machinery, strengthen the quality of cotton products.

Key words: Jiangxi Province; Cotton industry: SwoT analysis method: Development and countermeasures

中國棉花种植历史悠久,棉花产量常年位居世界第一,优势种植区域集中在西北内陆、黄河流域和长江流域三大区域。其中,新疆由于优越的地理环境以及国家政策的大力扶持,棉花产业在全国一直处于领先位置,棉花种植面积、总产量占全国80%左右,新疆的棉花种植对我国棉花产业发展具有积极作用2。根据《国家统计局关于2020年棉花产量的公告》指出,全国棉花种植面积317万hm2,较上一年减少17万hm2。江西棉花种植面积为3.5万hm2,较上一年减少0.77hm2。江西省产棉区主要集中在赣中、赣北平原,以油(麦)套棉为主。棉花成为江西省农业产业发展的重要推动力量,也是实现农业增产、农民增收的重要途径。江西省棉花种植面积近十年来在2012年达到次高峰(为8.5万hm2)后,由于国家棉花政策的转变以及人力成本的攀升,棉花种植户植棉利润空间被压缩,导致江西省棉花种植面积不断下降,到2020年仅为3.5万hm2,下跌了近58.9%(图1)。……

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