郭志阳

摘 要：河流生态流量是维系河流生态系统的基本要素。该研究以马鞍山市得胜河为对象，在深入现场调查的基础上，选取含山东门和金河口闸断面作为主要控制断面，采用Tennant法计算得到含山东门和金河口闸断面的生态流量分别为0.111m3/s、0.359m3/s。综合考虑小流量监测精度差、下游均建有闸坝不利于流量监测等因素，结合得胜河地处河网地区的特点和相关政策要求，改用最低生态水位指标，采用2016—2019年最枯月最低旬均水位分别为6.82m、4.41m，相应的水深分别为0.55m、1.59m。

关键词：生态流量;生态水位;控制断面;得胜河;河网

中图分类号 TV211.2  文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）18-0131-04

Study on the Ecological Flow and Water Level of Desheng River

GUO Zhiyang

（Anhui Survey Design Institute of Water Resources Hydropower Co.， Ltd， Hefei 230088， China）

Abstract： Ecological flow of rever is the basic element of maintaining river ecosystem. On the basis of in-depth field investigation， this paper takes Desheng River in Maanshan as research object， selects the sections of HanshanDongmen and Jinhekou Brake as the primary control sections. According to calculating based on the method of Tennant， we get the ecological flow of HanshanDongmen and Jinhekou Brake，which is 0.111m3/s and 0.359 m3/s respectively. Overall considering the elements of poor accuracy of small flow monitoring， there are gates and dams downstream which is not conducive to flow monitoring etc. Combination the characteristics of Desheng River that located in the river network area and related policy requirements， we use the lowest ecological water level index instead. The average water level of the lowest ten days of the driest month from 2016 to 2019 is adopted as the ecological water level of the sections of HanshanDongmen and Jinhekou Brake， which is 6.82m and 4.41m respectively， and the corresponding water depth is 0.55m and 1.59m respectively.

Key words： Ecological flow; Ecological water level; Control section; Desheng River; River network

河湖生態流量是维系江河湖泊生态系统的基本要素[1，2]，保障河湖生态流量是人类社会可持续发展的重要内容。自2019年2月以来，水利部、水规总院、安徽省水利厅等相继出台河湖生态流量相关政策文件[3，4]，要求加强河湖生态流量（水量）研究，规范生态流量保障方案编制的相关技术要求，提出“定断面、定目标、定保证率、定管理措施、定预警等级、定监测手段、定监管责任”的7大任务，为河湖生态流量的研究保障工作指明了方向。

近年来，随着马鞍山市产业布局和经济结构的调整，得胜河流域用水管理和节水水平在不断提高，但水资源开发利用方式仍较粗放，水资源利用形势严峻，水资源供需矛盾与水资源低效利用并存，下游河道生态流量保障程度偏低，河流生态系统稳定性受到影响。因此，开展得胜河生态流量……