不同年龄段的结直肠癌患者临床病理特征及生存差异分析
2021-09-30金辉盛玲玲郑佳彭宁
金辉 盛玲玲 郑佳 彭宁


[关键词] 结直肠癌;生存分析;病理因素;生存差异
[中图分类号] R753.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)16-0052-04
Analysis of clinicopathological characteristics and survival differences in colorectal cancer patients of different ages
JIN Hui1 SHENG Lingling2 ZHENG Jia1 PENG Ning2
1.Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou First People′s Hospital, Taizhou 318020, China; 2.Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou First People′s Hospital, Taizhou 318020, China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and survival differences of patients with colorectal cancer at different ages. Methods 118243 patients with colorectal cancer in the SEER database were collected. The clinicopathological characteristics and the difference in the survival rate of colorectal cancer in different age groups were explored and compared. Results There were statistical differences among age groups in clinical factors such as TNM grade, lymph node metastasis, histological grade, pathological type, and tumor location(P<0.001). The survival rate of group 2 (41-50 years old) was 80.40%. The survival rate of group 3 (>50 years old) was 74.24%. The survival rate of group 2 and group 3 was higher than that (66.71%) of group 1, and the difference between the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was statistically significant difference in the 3-year survival rate and 5-year survival rate between groups of different clinical stages (P<0.001). Conclusion Young patients with colorectal cancer have a late clinical manifestation and a lower overall survival rate. The colorectal cancer patients in the three age groups are compared. The colorectal cancer patients of group 2 (41-50 years old) have the best survival prognosis, which provides some guidance for screening rectal cancer.
[Key words] Colorectal cancer; Survival analysis; Pathological factors; Survival difference
結直肠癌(CRC)是世界上第三大常见癌症,也是全世界范围内癌症相关死亡的第四大原因[1-2]。据估计,2018年发生超过180万例新的结直肠癌病例和881 000例死亡病例,约占1/10的癌症病例和死亡病例[3]。在我国结直肠癌的发病率一直呈上升趋势[4],尽管近些年采取个性化的治疗有效改善了CRC的治疗效果,但CRC的总体存活率依然很低。结直肠癌其实是可以通过筛查来降低死亡率,在一些国家通过在结直肠息肉发展为癌症之前对其进行检查和清除,增加结直肠癌筛查力度致使结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率已经大幅下降[5-6]。而对于年龄 <50岁的成年人,结直肠癌的发病率却一直在上升[7]。有研究报道显示,年轻的结直肠癌患者与老年患者相比,年轻的结直肠癌患者表现出较差的病理特征和预后,而也有些报道显示两者并无差异[8],在本项研究中,利用了美国数据库(SEER)回顾性研究了不同年龄段结直肠癌患者的临床病理特征和总体生存率,为结直肠癌的临床诊疗和预防提供了一定的指导意义。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象
数据来自于SEER 9数据库,该数据库是美国国立癌症研究所监测、流行病学和结果数据库,该数据库收集了美国部分州县自1975年以来的所有癌症病例,并提供有关人口统计学,包括诊断年龄、性别、种族、TNM分期、淋巴结转移情况、组织学分级、病理类型、肿瘤部位等信息,也记录了总体死亡率和癌症特异性死亡率。纳入标准:①病理诊断为结直肠癌;②诊断年龄≥20岁;③诊断时间为 1992至 2016 年;④肿瘤类型、分化程度、临床分期(AJCC 8th edition)及病理资料等信息完整。排除标准为:①多原发癌;②1个月内死亡;③临床信息不全。
1.2 数据分析
按诊断年龄进行分组:第①组(20~40岁),第②组(40~50岁)和第③组(> 50岁)。评估并比较三组的临床病理特征和生存结果。解剖位置包括结肠和直肠。根据美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)癌症分期手册第8版中所述的标准重新分类了所有TNM分期[9]。根……
