基于“科技-社会影响框架”的科技向善机制研究
2021-09-28陶娜
陶娜



DOI:10.16660/j.cnki.1674-098X.2107-5640-7497
摘 要:本文在科技双重生态效应愈发显著的情境下研究了如何发挥科技向善的作用机制。首先分析了一阶段的“科技-社会影响框架”模型的基本结构、缺失环节和盲点区域;进而构建了新时代下二阶段的“科技-社会影响框架”模型,提出了新时代二阶段“科技-社会影响框架”的“1+5+1”的主体结构,并且重点研究了主体结构打开科技“黑箱”的路径模式;最后,基于二阶段的“科技-社会影响框架”提出了“主体+布局+结构域+生态”的四维科技向善的机制,为科技向善构建了安全网络,助力科技向善发力。
关键词:科技向善 科技-社会影响框架 科技“黑箱” 科技伦理
中图分类号:G3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-098X(2021)06(b)-0160-06
The research on the mechanism of science and technology towards goodness based on the "Scien-tech and Social Impact Framework
TAO Na
(School of Economics and Management, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710021 China)
Abstract: This paper studies how to give play to the mechanism of science and technology for the good under the situation that the dual ecological effect of science and technology is becoming more and more significant. Firstly, it analyzes the basic structure, missing links and blind spots of the "Scien-tech and Social Impact Framework" model in the first stage; then it constructs the "Scien-tech and Social Impact Framework" model in the second stage of the new era, puts forward the "1 + 5 + 1" main structure of the "Scien-tech and Social Impact Framework" in the second stage of the new era, and focuses on the path mode of the main structure to open the "black box" of science and technology; finally, based on the two-stage "Scien-tech and Social Impact Framework", a four-dimensional science and technology goodness mechanism of "subject + layout + domain + ecology" is proposed, which constructs a security network for science and technology goodness and helps science and technology to make progress towards goodness.
Key Words: Science and technology to the good; Scien-tech and Social Impact Framework; "Black box" of science and technology; Ethics of science and technology
科技的迅猛發展,伴随着科技不确定性强度和广度的持续增加,在给人类带来巨大福祉的同时,也给人类带来了巨大的潜在危机。尤其是当科技与其他行业实现了高度的无缝对接,科技的双刃剑效应愈发显著,科技的能量越大,科技更加以高强度的力量介入到人类社会。如果规则发生紊乱,科技对人类社会所带来的影响是秩序的改变甚至是秩序的重组。基因编辑技术、人工智能技术、辅助生殖技术等前沿科技的发展后果无一不表明,科学技术具有双重的社会和生态效应,诸如人工智能自主发明创造专利保护中人工智能能否作为“发明人”的伦理性讨论[1]。基因编辑技术对人的自然进化提出严峻的挑战[2]。毫无疑问,一项法律制度在任何时候和任何地方都不能脱离伦理道德的影响[3],加强科技伦理制度化建设,推动科技伦理规范全球治理,已成为国际社会高度重视的共同议题。……
