培养高校工科学生解决复杂工程问题能力的探索与实践
2021-09-28路世青何苗袁博黎波丁军
路世青 何苗 袁博 黎波 丁军

DOI:10.16660/j.cnki.1674-098X.2107-5640-7727
摘 要:复杂工程问题的解决能力是高校工程类专业毕业生应具备的核心能力,项目驱动式教学模式符合复杂工程问题解决能力培养的规律和路径。以培养学生解决复杂工程问题的能力为目标,结合高校机械类专业机械创新设计课程,分析了教学改革中存在的重点问题。研究了利用项目驱动式教学模式,培养学生解决复杂工程问题能力过程中教学案例的构建方法、教学组织设计及教学评价方法。在机械创新设计课程教学中实施与验证,取得了较好效果,为相关课程的教学改革提供参考。
关键词:复杂工程问题 项目驱动 机械创新设计 教学组织设计 教学评价
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-098X(2021)06(b)-0129-04
The exploration and practice in Cultivating students' ability to solve complex engineering problems
——Taking the course of Mechanical Innovation Design as an example
LU Shiqing HE Miao YUAN Bo LI Bo DING Jun
(College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China)
Abstract: The ability of solving complex engineering problems is the core ability that college engineering graduates should have. The project-driven teaching mode conforms to the law and path of cultivating students' ability to solve complex engineering problems. With the goal of cultivating students' ability to solve complex engineering problems, and based on the course of mechanical innovation design, the key problems existing in the educational reform are analyzed. The teaching mode of project-driven to cultivate students' ability to solve complex engineering problems is discussed. The methods of teaching case construction, instructional design and teaching evaluation have been studied and put into practice. This study has obtained good effect on teaching, and provides a reference for related courses.
Key Words: Complex engineering problems; Project driven; Mechanical innovative design; Instructional design; Teaching evaluation
培養学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,是当前我国高校开展工程教育专业认证的基本要求[1],也是新形势下经济社会发展对现代工程教育提出的新的要求。因此,培养学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,应作为一种目标背景和规格主线,贯穿于各类课程教学的全过程。这就要求教学过程应该从传统的单纯按照内容分工方式转向按照能力培养的方式进行。其中,项目驱动式教学模式是实现这一教学过程转变的主要途径之一。项目驱动式教学即教师借助项目的拓展进行课程教学的方法。项目驱动式教学的特点是以学生为中心,以项目为载体,以问题为导向。学生在教师的指导下,通过采取各种灵活和个性化的学习方式,激励和引导学生主动发现问题,并且通过查阅资料、动手实践、综合分析等过程,最终解决问题并得出结论[2]。……
