周琰

摘要：鸡肾型传染性支气管炎是由传染性支气管炎病毒感染引发的一种急性接触性传染性疾病，目前在很多家禽养殖场中广泛传播流行，传播速度较快，一旦在一个鸡舍中出现个别患病病例，2～3 d病毒就能向群体快速传播蔓延。年龄较小的雏鸡感染传染性支气管炎病毒后，发病率高达100%，病死率10%～80%，对鸡的健康生长造成不良影响，甚至带来经济损失。由于该类疾病与多种呼吸道疾病的症状相似，在开展疾病诊治时常出现误诊，导致防治方案缺乏针对性，难以在短时间内控制病情。该文主要论述鸡肾型传染性支气管炎的危害及防治措施。

关键词：鸡肾型传染性支气管炎;危害;综合防治

中图分类号：S858.31文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.23.025

Harm，Prevention and Treatment of Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis in Chickens

ZHOU Yan

（Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station，Zhucheng City，Shandong Province，Weifang Shandong 262200，China）

Abstract：Nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis is an acute contact disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus，which is currently spreading widely and rapidly in many poultry farms，said infectious disease，director of the Center for infectious bronchitis research ，once an individual case of the disease appears in a chicken coop ，the 2 ～3 d virus can spread rapidly to the population. The incidence of infectious bronchitis virus infection in young chickens is as high as 100% and the mortality rate is 10%～80%. Because the symptoms of this kind of disease are similar to many kinds of respiratory diseases ，misdiagnosis often occurs in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease ，leading to the lack of targeted prevention and treatment programs，it is difficult to control the disease in a short time. This article mainly discusses the harm and prevention and cure measure of chicken kidney type infectious bronchitis.

Keywords：chicken kidney type infectious bronchitis ，harm ，comprehensive prevention and treatment

0引言

雞肾型传染性支气管炎对鸡养殖业造成的危害巨大，严重影响养殖业的安全，如果没有做好有效的防范工作，病原易通过各种渠道向周边养殖场快速传播蔓延，具有以点带面的特征。支气管炎病毒的传播流行速度较快，经1～2 d，鸡舍大多数鸡都会出现典型的临床症状。为有效防范该种疾病的发生流行，需加强疾病的发病特点调查，充分认识肾型传染性支气管炎发生流行对鸡生长发育不良造成的严重影响，结合养殖现状对养殖方案做出动态化的调整，构建综合性的防治措施，确保在短时间内控制病情，避免带来严重的经济损失。

1病原学特征

传染性支气管炎病毒肾型病毒株对3～26周龄的鸡造成的威胁最为严重，病原可经消化道、呼吸道、空气飞沫、污染的饲料、水源等途径进行传播，传播速度极快，一般在出现临床症状1～2 d后，病情向鸡舍快速传播蔓延。……