北方大气气溶胶分布输送对夏季风活动的作用
2021-09-22刘静陈素娟
刘静 陈素娟



摘 要:最近几年,随着全球气候变暖趋势的不断加剧,气溶胶逐渐成为了影响全球气候变化的重要因素,为了全面了解和掌握影响夏季风影响程度,现以我国北方地区沙尘天气研究为例,针对气溶胶特征,在结合气溶胶传输路径的基础上,分析了北方大气气溶胶分布输送对夏季风活动的作用,结果表明:由于大气层结构不稳定,导致我国各个地区面临沙尘暴问题;与偏北路径相比,西北地区沙尘气溶胶垂直分布高度相对较高,导致西北路径沙尘污染粒较多,严重影响了气溶胶离子类型所占比例。
关键词:北方大气;气溶胶分布;输送;夏季风活动;作用
中图分类号:P407;P467 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)09-0170-04
Effect of Atmospheric Aerosol Distribution and Transportation in Northern on Summer Monsoon Activity
Liu Jing1, Chen Sujuan2
(1.Agency Service Center of Gansu Meteorological Bureau, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.Meteorological Bureau of Longnan City, Gansu Province, Longnan 746000, China)
Abstract:In recent years, with the increasing trend of global warming, aerosols have gradually become an important factor affecting global climate change. In order to fully understand and grasp the impact of the summer monsoon, this paper takes the dust weather in northern China as an example, aiming at the characteristics of aerosols and combining with the aerosol transport path, the effect of the distribution and transportation of aerosols in the northern atmosphere on the summer monsoon activity is analyzed. The results show that: due to the instability of atmospheric structure, all regions of China are faced with the problem of sandstorm; compared with the northerly path, the vertical distribution height of dust aerosol in Northwest China is relatively high, which leads to more dust pollution particles in Northwest China, and seriously affects the proportion of aerosol ion types.
Key words:northern atmosphere; aerosol distribution; transport; summer monsoon activity; action
气溶胶主要以一种气态形式存在,其构成成分有以下两种,分别是固态颗粒、液态颗粒,主要悬浮在大气中,不仅直接关系到人们的身体健康,还会与大气中的某些物质接触后反应,从而形成雾或云等自然现象,使得大气能见度大幅度下降,从而严重影响了大气的辐射收支,导致周围环境的温度发生巨大变化,从而直接影响和改变了植物的正常生长速度。因此,为了更好地控制气溶胶,研究北方大气气溶胶分布输送对夏季风活动的作用显得尤为重要。
1 中国北方沙尘主要移动路径下的气溶胶特征 分析
1.1 西北路径沙尘过程的空间特征
在西北地区,路径沙尘过程所呈现的空间特征为:在春季,沙尘爆过程变得越来强,同时,以500m的模拟高度,对沙尘移动的路径进行全方位控制和调整[1],此外,沙尘天气在西北地区的出现的频率不断上升,该地区的沙尘天气覆盖范围往往较广,因此,对各个地区造成的影响比较大。……
