桥梁结构安全性评估与临时加固设计方法研究
2021-09-22王海华郭龙王龙林蒋国富
王海华 郭龙 王龙林 蒋国富



摘 要:以工程结构可靠性为核心,介绍了国内外超重荷载桥梁的安全性评估研究动态,并对其主要的安全性评估模型进行介绍,以14台电力机械设备的运输过程所经过的沿线5座桥梁为例,对该桥梁的受力特点进行分析,并对其安全性进行合理评估,在此基础上提出相应的桥梁临时加固方法,从而提高超重荷载下桥梁的自身安全性能,确保大型机械设备的行驶通畅。
关键词:超重荷载;桥梁结构;安全性评估;临时加固设计
中图分类号:U445.7+2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)09-0193-04
Study on Safety Evaluation and Temporary Reinforcement Design Method of Bridge Structure
Wang Haihua1, Guo Long2, Wang Longlin1, Jiang Guofu1
(1. Guangxi Transportation Science and Technolongy Group Co., Ltd., Nanning 530007, China; 2. Test and Inspection Center of Hebei Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute, Shijiazhuang 050091, China)
Abstract:Taking the reliability of engineering structure as the core, this paper introduces the research trends of safety assessment of over loaded bridges at home and abroad, and introduces the main safety assessment models. Taking 5 bridges along the line that 14 electric mechanical equipment pass through in the transportation process as an example, it analyzes the stress characteristics of the bridge, and makes a reasonable assessment of its safety. On this basis, the corresponding temporary reinforcement method of the bridge is proposed, so as to improve the safety performance of the bridge under the overweight load and ensure the smooth driving of the large mechanical equipment.
Key words:overweight load;bridge structure;safety assessment;temporary reinforcement design
橋梁作为道路的交通枢纽,对于社会的沟通、经济的发展具有重大作用。至2017年底,我国现有桥梁80余万座,累计长52256km[1]。
目前我国的汽车保有量日趋增多,至2011年底,全国的机动车保有量已经达到2.23亿,汽车保有量达到1.04亿辆,为第二大汽车保有国[2]。与机动车数量日益增多相比,我国现役桥梁的危险系数也在逐步升高,危险桥梁数已超过万座,对人们的日常出行产生了较大的威胁,对管养部门的维护也是一种挑战。
如何平衡好日渐增多的车辆与桥梁结构安全之间的问题呢?这对于经济发展和国民安全来说是一个亟须解决的问题。首先应当考虑的是桥梁的安全性评估,只有做好桥梁自身的安全评估后,才能根据评估结果以及桥梁自身结构特点、所处环境等情况,给出增强桥梁安全的针对性建议。
桥梁在使用过程中将受到温度、风、车辆等不同类型荷载的反复作用,很多桥梁自身的结构安全性能将发生变化,如材料的强度、耐久性退化等,导致其承载能力逐步衰减。……
