张秋艳 蔡云峰

【摘要】目的：探讨东莞市南城医院药物不良反应临床表现及药物类型分布，为临床安全用药提供依据。方法：选择2017年4月至2019年11月期间在东莞市南城医院药物不良反应患者89例作为对象，采用通用调查问卷对患者一般资料进行调查，统计患者药物不良反应临床表现、药物使用类型等，并采取有效的措施均能干预。结果：89例ADR患者类型较多，排在前三位的分别为皮肤损害、药物热及呼吸系统，占：41.57%、41.57%和38.20%，临床以皮疹、瘙痒、寒颤、发热、胸闷及呼吸困难为主；89例ADR患者药物剂型相对较多，排在前三位分别为：皮下注射剂、静滴注射液及胶囊，分别占：48.31%、28.09%、12.36%。结论：东莞市南城医院药物不良反应临床表现突出，药物类型以注射用药为主，应严格根据说明书用药，提高药物安全性；对于不良反应集中药物，应不断改进制药工艺。

【关键词】东莞市；南城医院；不良反应；临床表现，药物类型分布

[中图分类号]R95 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2096-5249（2021）11-0190-02

Study on the clinical manifestations and distribution of drug types in Nancheng Hospital of Dongguan City

ZHANG Qiu-yan， CAI Yun-feng （Department of Pharmacy， Nancheng Hospital， Dongguan City， Dongguan Guangdong 523000， China）

[Abstract] Objective： To investigate the clinical manifestations of adverse drug reactions and the distribution of drug types in Nancheng Hospital of Dongguan City， and provide a basis for clinical safe drug use. Methods： A total of 89 patients with adverse drug reactions in Nancheng Hospital of Dongguan City from April 2017 to November 2019 were selected as subjects. A general questionnaire was used to investigate the general information of patients， and the clinical manifestations of patients with adverse drug reactions and the types of drug use were counted. Effective measures can be taken to intervene. Results： There were many types of 89 ADR patients. The top three were skin damage， drug fever and respiratory system， accounting for 41.57%， 41.57% and 38.20%. Clinically， they were rash， itching， chills， fever， chest tightness and Difficulty in breathing is the main cause； 89 patients with ADR have relatively many drug dosage forms， and the top three are： subcutaneous injections， injections and capsules， accounting for 48.31%， 28.09%， and 12.36% respectively. Conclusion： The clinical manifestations of adverse drug reactions in Nancheng Hospital of Dongguan City are outstanding. The main types of drugs are injections. The drugs should be used strictly in accordance with the instructions to improve drug safety； for drugs with concentrated adverse reactions， the pharmaceutical process should be continuously improved.

[Key words] Dongguan City； Nancheng Hospital； Adverse reactions； Clinical manifestations； Distribution of drug types

藥品不良反应（Adverse drug reaction，ADR）是指合格药品在正常用法用量下出现的与用药目的无关或意外的有害反应[1]。ADR临床发生率较高，由于药物在发挥临床治疗作用的同时，也出现不同程度副作用、毒性作用、变态反应等。同时，随着制药的不断发展，药物使用剂量/频率增加，均会增加ADR的发生。临床研究表明：医院用药过程中加强ADR监测，分析导致药品不良反应的因素，有助于减少药物不良反应的发生，促进药品使用安全，保证患者有效、合理用药[2]。因此，本研究以东莞市南城医院药物不良反应患者为对象，探讨东莞市南城医院药物不良反应临床表现及药物类型分布，报道如下。……