英国地区新冠肺炎死亡患者流行病学特征分析
2021-09-18余小文高壮金来润
余小文 高壮 金来润


【摘要】 目的 分析英国新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)死亡患者的流行病学特征,为提高新冠肺炎疫情防控措施提供依据。
方法 应用描述性流行病学方法,分析2020年3月1日~2021年1月11日英国新冠肺炎死亡患者的三间分布特征。
结果 截至2021年1月11日英国累计报告新冠肺炎死亡患者56 816例,累计入院患者331 185例。2020年4月和2020年12月出现死亡高峰,死亡例数分别为17 883例和10 128例。疫情中死亡患者覆盖英国全地区,主要集中在中部地区和西北地区;死亡患者年龄60岁以上占92.62%,0~59岁占7.38%。
结论 新冠肺炎具有早期散发,后期聚集性发病,地区分布不均,老年人病死率高的特点。建议加强联防联控,落实防疫措施和常态化防病机制。
【关键词】 COVID-19;流行病学;英国
中图分类号: R512.99 文献标志码: A DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2021.08.012
Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 deaths in UK
YU Xiaowen1a, GAO Zhuang1b, JIN Lairun2▲
(1a. The Office of Education Administration of The First Affiliated Hospital, 1b. School of
Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China;
2. School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China)
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients who died of COVID-19 in the UK, so as to provide basis for improving the prevention and control measures of COVID-19.
Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the three distribution characteristics of patients who died of COVID-19 in UK from March 1, 2020 to January 11, 2021.
Results As of January 11, 2021, deaths of COVID-19 were reported in 56 816 cases in UK, and 331 185 cases were admitted to hospital. Two death peaks occurred in April 2020 and December 2020, with the number of deaths being 17 883 and 10 128, respectively. Deaths of COVID-19 covered the whole UK, mainly in the central and northwest regions; 92.62% of the dead patients were over 60 years old, and 7.38% of them were 0-59 years old.
Conclusion COVID-19 has the characteristics of early sporadic, late-stage cluster onset, increased overseas imports, showing the high mortality rate of the elderly. It is suggested to strengthen joint prevention and control, implement COVID-19 prevention measures and normalized disease prevention mechanism.
【Key words】 COVID-19; epidemiology; UK
新型冠狀病毒肺炎(COVID-19)是以呼吸道传播为主的急性传染病,传播途径主要为飞沫传播、接触传播和气溶胶传播,不排除粪口等其他传播方式[1]。2020年1月国际病毒分类委员会(ICTV)正式把它分类命名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-COV-2)[2~3],世界卫生组织(WHO)同日宣布,把这一病毒所致疾病正式命名为COVID-19[4~5]。2020年1月20日国家卫生健康委把新冠肺炎纳入乙类法定传染病报告,并按甲类管理[6]。当前疫情为全球大流行,截至2021年2月3日10:59 pm GMT+8,全球确诊病例已超过103 362 000,死亡病例已超过2 244 700。国内疫情虽然得到了基本控制,但是国外其他地区仍然是高风险地区,特别是英国地区[7]。本文结合英国地区新冠肺炎疫情情况,进一步分析新冠肺炎确诊患者的流行病学特征,全面提高对新冠肺炎的认识,为完善国内防控措施提供科学依据。……
