姜肖玉 谭卓倩

【摘要】 目的  分析廣西多分支瑶族地区瑶族居民与其他民族的孕前检查指标的差异。

方法  选择广西金秀瑶族自治县人民医院2014 年1～12月纳入的1308名（654对夫妻）孕前检查者作为观察对象，收集并整理齐全信息，并执行多项指标检查，对其结果进行分析。

结果  瑶族的Plt>300×109/L、ABO血型为“AB”、尿WBC阳性所占的比率高于汉族、壮族等其他民族，而Hb<110 g/L、抗-HBs阳性所占的比率低于其他民族，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）。经多元logistic分析发现血红蛋白、血小板、尿常规WBC、抗HBs等指标在瑶族与其他民族之间存在差异。瑶族中的盘瑶、茶山瑶、花蓝瑶、山子瑶、坳瑶分支在Hb<110 g/L、Plt>300×109/L、ABO血型为“AB”、尿WBC阳性、抗-HBs阳性上比较差异无统计学意义（ P >0.05）。

结论  广西多分支瑶族地区的孕前检测结果与其他民族存在较大差异，应受到重视，加大孕前检查在广西多分支瑶族地区的宣传力度。

【关键词】  孕前检查;瑶族;血常规;尿常规;分支

中图分类号： R71    文献标志码： A    DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2021.08.007

Clinical analysis of the results of pre-pregnancy physical examination  indexes in multi branch Yao region in Guangxi

JIANG Xiaoyu1， TAN Zhuoqian2▲

（1. Laboratory Department， The Third People's Hospital of Nanning， Nanning 530003， Guangxi， China;  2. Department of Infection Control， Jinxiu People's Hospital， Jinxiu 545799， Guangxi， China）

【Abstract】 Objective  To analyze the differences of pre-pregnancy examination indexes between Yao residents and other nationalities in multi branch Yao areas of Guangxi.

Methods  1308 people （654 couples） included in the People's Hospital of Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County in Guangxi were selected as observation objects. And then， complete information was collected and sorted out， multiple index inspections were performed， and the results were analyzed.

Results  The proportions of couples with Plt （platelet） >300×109/L， "AB" among ABO blood groups and positive urine WBC （white blood cell） in Yao nationality were higher than those in other nationalities like Han nationality and Zhuang nationality; the proportions of couples with Hb （hemoglobin） < 110 g/L and positive anti-HBs in Yao nationality were lower than those in other nationalities， and difference was statistically significant （ P  < 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results indicated that the hemoglobin， platelet， urine WBC and anti-HBs between Yao nationality and other nationalities were found to be statistically different. In Yao nationality， there were no statistically significant differences about the proportions of couples with Hb < 110 g/L， Plt > 300×109/L，"AB" among ABO blood groups， positive urine WBC and anti-HBs among Pan Yao， Chashan Yao， Hualan Yao， Shanzi Yao and Ao Yao branches （ P  > 0.05）.

Conclusion  There are significant differences about the pre-pregnancy physical examination results between Yao nationality of Guangxi and other nationalities， which should be paid attention to and strengthen the publicity of pre-pregnancy physical examination in multi branch Yao areas in Guangxi.

【Key words】  pre-pregnancy physical examination; Yao nationality; routine blood test; routine urine test; branch

孕前检查主要针对计划妊娠或者即将妊娠的夫妻所实施的检查服务，通常利用先进医疗设备来筛查夫妻双方可能存在的影响生育的问题，为降低出生缺陷率，提升人口素质提供前提保障[1～2]。由于我国属于人口大国，同时也是出生缺陷高发的国家，相关数据显示[3]，我国每年出生的肉眼可见先天畸形儿20万～30万，随着出生后一段时间才显现的缺陷，总数高达80万～120万，占每年出生人口的4%～6%，给家庭与社会带来巨大负担。因此孕前优生健康检查成为关键，并成为预防出生缺陷的主要途径[4～5]。本文展开调查，对广西多分支瑶族地区孕前检查多项指标结果进行分析，报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择广西金秀瑶族自治县人民医院2014 年1～12月纳入的1308名（654对夫妻）孕前检查者作为观察对……