李商隐《哭刘蕡》“湓浦书来”补笺
2021-09-14刘学锴
刘学锴
关键词:李商隐;哭刘蕡诗;颔联新笺
摘 要:在简要回顾多方驳正冯、张力主义山“江乡之游”说,提出自己新的考证结论的基础上,引出义山与刘蕡大中二年春初黄陵晤别后蕡之去向问题。对笔者过去文章中就这一问题所作的推断进行反思。根据出土墓志提供的新材料,对刘蕡死讯何以从江州传至长安这一问题作了新的解释。
中图分类号:I207.22文献标志码:A文章编号:1001-2435(2021)05-0013-03
Supplementary Notes to Li Shangyins Lament for the Death of Liu Fen
LIU Xue-kai (Research Center of Chinese Poetics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu Anhui 241000, China)
Key words: Li Shangyin; Lament for the Death of Liu Fen; new notes on Han Lian
Abstract: Based on a brief review of the arguments to refute the “River Countryside Tour” of Feng Hao and Zhang Caitian and to propose a new research conclusion, this paper poses the question of the destination of Yishan and Liu Fen after their visit of Huangling in the early spring of the second year of Dazhong in Tang dynasty. Reflecting on the inference made in the authors past articles on this issue, based on the new materials provided by the excavated epitaph, the paper puts forward a new explanation on how the news of Liu Fens death spread from Jiangzhou to Changan.
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关于李商隐开成末至会昌初曾有长达数月的江乡之游这一考证,自冯浩、张采田发明以来,岑仲勉先生首先提出有力质疑。在岑说启发下,我自1980年至2002年,曾写过三篇考证文章,对冯、张之说从不同角度加以驳正。首先通过对义山《赠刘司户蕡》诗的细读和关键词语“后归”所提供的内证,以及冯、张持为南游江乡确证的罗衮《请褒赠刘蕡疏》中“身死异土,六十余年”的误引误解,还原罗疏原文并作出正确解释,指出原文“沉沦绝世,六十余年”是从被贬之日算起至罗疏上奏之时已六十余年。又通过对武、宣两朝有关的政局变化的分析和义山大中初年行踪的考述和哭蕡诸诗提及黄陵春雪晤别的回忆,推断二人此次相遇当在大中二年春初,而据哭蕡五律“去年相送地,春雪满黄陵”及七律“黄陵别后春涛隔,湓浦书来秋雨翻”二联,断定蕡当卒于大中三年秋,从而证明刘蕡并未死于柳州贬所,而是已放还北归至湘阴黄陵一带。后又得见刘蕡次子刘珵墓志,其中明确提到其父刘蕡“贬官累迁至澧州员外司户”,从而证实了刘蕡确已从柳州贬所“后归”的考证结论。……
