田泽 王若梅 肖钦文 任芳容

關键词：长三角区域;先进制造业;绿色技术创新效率;Malmquist指数

摘 要：绿色技术创新是实现碳达峰和碳中和的根本保证，长三角先进制造业的发展更具有示范性。通过构建先进制造业绿色技术创新效率的两阶段评价指标体系，测算了长三角区域先进制造业不同阶段的绿色技术创新效率和绿色全要素生产率（TFP）。研究发现：（1）长三角区域整体先进制造业绿色技术创新效率呈逐步上升，且具有西南高东北低的分布特点，科技研发阶段的效率偏低是影响整体效率的根源所在;（2）不同于江浙沪省市转化效率高于研发效率的情况，安徽省先进制造业更重视技术知识的积累，而效益的转化相对较弱;（3）长三角区域整体TFP指数呈波动上升趋势，除2013—2016年以外，其他年份的技术进步水平有待提高;（4）长三角区域先进制造业科技研发阶段的效率增长速度高于成果转化阶段。为此，建议提升成果转化阶段的科研成果转化水平，促进长三角区域经济协同发展和共建技术创新联盟。

中图分类号：F062.2;F062.4文献标志码：A文章编号：1001-2435（2021）05-0137-11

Green Technology Innovation Efficiency of the Advanced Manufacturing Industry in the Yangtze River Delta Region

TIAN Ze， WANG Ruo-mei， XIAO Qin-wen， REN Fang-rong（Business School， Hohai University， Nanjing 210098， China）

Key words： the Yangtze River Delta; advanced manufacturing industry; green technology innovation efficiency;Malmquist index

Abstract： Green technology innovation is the fundamental guarantee to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutratity， and the development of the advanced manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta is more demonstrative. The green technology innovation efficiency and green total factor productivity （TFP） in different stages of advanced manufacturing in the Yangtze River Delta region were measured by constructing a two-stage evaluation index system of green technology innovation efficiency of advanced manufacturing. The conclusions are as follows： （1） On the whole， the green technology innovation efficiency of advanced manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta region is gradually increasing with charatoristics of higher in the southuest and lower in the northeast. The low efficiency in the stage of technology development is the root cause that affects the efficiency of the whole stage. （2） Different from Jiangsu， Zhejiang and Shanghai， the advanced manufacturing industry in Anhui pays more attention to the accumulation of technical knowledge， while the conversion of benefits is relatively weak. （3） The overall TFP index in the Yangtze River Delta region shows a volatile upward trend. Except for 2013-2016， the level of technological progress in other years needs to be improved. （4） The efficiency growth rate in the stage of the technology development of the advanced manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta region is higher than that in the stage of achievement transformation. And suggestions such as promoting the coordinated economic development and establishing technological innovation alliances are proposed.

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一、引 言

随着新一轮科技变革加速到来，全球产业转型和产业价值链重塑进程不断加速，世界各国聚焦制造业新发展，如日本“制造业白皮书”、欧盟“科技创新投入计划”、德国“工业4.0”发展战略、美国“先进制造业伙伴计划”等，通过包括技术创新在内的各种途径加速制造业创新发展，争取率先抢占制造业发展制高点。中国作为“制造业大国”，传统制造业长期依赖的“高投入、高排放、高污染、低效益”的要素驱动型发展模式弊端逐渐凸显。……