宝鲁尔 陈红梅 刘小伟 吴杰斯 王秀兰

摘要 目的：对蒙药经典方扎冲十三味丸（GRD-13）进行基原考证、方解分析、综述药理与机制、临床应用，为该经典方的深一步研究与利用提供科学依据。方法：采用查阅文献研究与考证方法进行文献综述。结果：蒙药扎冲十三味丸出自《哲对宁诺尔》（《至高要方》），属传统蒙药经典方。该方由沉香10 g、麝香7.5 g、木香15 g、禹粮土7.5 g、制草乌30 g、甘草10 g、诃子60 g、制珊瑚7.5 g、制珍珠8 g、石菖蒲45 g、丁香5 g、煅磁石5 g、肉豆蔻5 g，共13味单味药组成。蒙医在使用过程中，因临床用药经验和用药方法有所不同而出现有单味药在处方中的入药量改变。蒙药扎冲十三味丸具有愈白脉损伤、杀黏、镇静安神功效，由蒙医主治白脉病、萨病、黏性刺痛、瘟疫、疽炭、白喉、吾亚曼病、转筋、亚玛症、协日乌素病、丹毒、高血压等疾病，临床疗效确切。结论：蒙药扎冲十三味丸出自《哲对宁诺尔》（《至高要方》），属传统蒙医经典方，对脑梗死等脑血管疾病疗效显著，具有进一步探索研究价值。

关键词 蒙药经典方;扎冲十三味丸;方解;方源考证;药理;临床应用

Abstract Objective：The classic Mongolian medicine prescription Zachong Shisanwei Pills（GRD-13）was researched on the basis of original evidence，formula analysis，pharmacology and mechanism，and clinical application were reviewed to provide scientific basis for further research and utilization of this classic prescription.Methods：The literature review was carried out with the method of literature research and textual research.Results：Zhachong-13 flavor Pills was from “Zhe Dui Ning Nuo Er”（“Supreme Essential Prescription”），and it belongs to the classic prescription of traditional Mongolian medicine.It was composed of Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum 10 g，Moschus 7.5 g，Radix Aucklandiae 15 g，Shuliangtu 7.5 g，Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata 30 g，Radix Glycyrrhizae 10 g，Fructus Chebulae 60 g，Zhi Shanhu 8 g，Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii 45 g，Flos Caryophylli 5 g，Duancishi 5 g，Semen Myristicae 5 g.There were a total of 13 single-flavored medicines，and the rest was due to the difference in the clinical medication experience and medication method of Mongolian medicine during the use process，and the amount of single-flavored medicine in the prescription has changed.It had the effects of healing white vein damage，killing stickiness，and calming nerves.Mongolian medicine mainly treated diseases such as white vein disease，Sars disease，sticky tingling，plague，anthracnose，diphtheria，Wu Yaman disease，tendon transfer，Yama disease，Xieriwusu disease，erysipelas，hypertension and other diseases.The clinical effect is definite.Conclusion：Zhachong-13 flavor Pills is a classic prescription of traditional Mongolian medicine originate from Zhe Dui Ning Nuo ER（supreme prescription）.It has significant curative effect on cerebral infarction and other cerebrovascular diseases，and has further exploration and research value.

Keywords Mongolian medicinal classic prescription; Zhachong-13 flavor Pills; Textual research; Fang Yuan′s textual research; Pharmacological mechanism; Clinical application

中圖分类号：R29文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.14.021

蒙药扎冲十三味丸（GRD-13）收载于《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准》（蒙药分册）1998年版，是由禹粮土、制草乌、制珍珠、沉香、诃子、煅磁石、石菖蒲、制珊瑚、木香、麝香、甘草、肉豆蔻、丁香共13味药配伍组成的水丸制剂，具有除“协日乌素”、镇静安神、祛风通窍、舒筋活血的功效，用于左痰右痪、言语不清、手脚麻痹、腰腿不利、口眼歪斜、神经麻痹、半身不遂、筋骨疼痛、关节疼痛、风湿等[1]。……