杨翠 覃廷英 张建冲 余显权 周丽洁

摘 要：为探明种子活力相关指标参数与种子内含物的关系，以期为高活力种子的生产提供一定的理论指导。本研究以109个贵州地方常规稻品种为材料，分别种植于贵州遵义、凯里两个不同试验点，比较不同地点、不同品种水稻种子活力及种子内含物的差异，分析种子活力指标参数与种子内含物的关系。结果表明：（1）品种间种子活力相关指标均存在显著差异，尤其是品种间种子活力指数差异最大，变异系数达30%以上;（2）不同地点对种子活力产生显著的影响，其中凯里试验点的发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数显著高于遵义试验点;（3）种子蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量与种子活力指标呈显著负相关。因此，在常规稻制种过程中，除了选用良好的品种和适宜制种地点外，应尽量减少氮肥的施用以降低种子蛋白质含量，提高种子活力，保障种子质量和粮食安全。

关键词：地方常规稻;种子活力;种子内含物

中图分类号：S511

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2021）04-0064-05

国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.04.009

Abstract：In order to clarify the relationship between seed vigor-related index parameters and grain contents，and provide certain theoretical guidance for the production of high vigor seeds，109 rice landraces were planted in two different experimental sites （Zunyi and Kaili）in Guizhou Province.This paper compared the differences in seed vigor and grain contents of different varieties of rice，and analyzed the relationship between seed vigor indexes and grain contents in two experimental sites.The results showed that，（1）There were significant differences in seed vigor-indexes among different varieties，especially the seed vigor index with a coefficient of variation of more than 30%.（2）Different locations had significant effects on seed vigor，among which the germination rate，germination index and vigor index of seeds in Kaili were significantly higher than those in Zunyi.（3）The protein content and soluble sugar content of seedwere negatively correlated with seed vigor.Therefore，the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be minimized to reduce grain protein content in conventional rice seed production，in addition to selecting good varieties and suitable sites for seed production，so as to improve seed vigor，and ensure seed quality and food security.

Keywords：ricelandraces;seed vigor;grain contents

水稻（Oryza sativa L.）作為主要的粮食作物之一，是我国60%的人口主要食物来源[1]。在农业劳动力日趋紧张和水稻机械化规模生产的新常态下，高活力种子由于减少了间苗、补苗、定苗和提苗等管理环节，将对水稻高产形成发挥越来越重要的作用。种子活力是种子质量的重要特征，它是指种子在各种环境条件下具有发芽与出苗的潜在能力，以及幼苗形状、贮藏性能和种子的抗逆性等特征的综合表现，受遗传、种子发育和贮藏物质积累过程中的环境条件及贮藏条件等因素的影响[2]。……