刘锦晖 陈文杰

摘要：从基础公共服务、社会公共服务和经济公共服务三个维度出发构建了评价体系，对2014 — 2018年庆阳市城镇公共服务完善度进行综合评价，以研判庆阳市城镇公共服务的发展水平。结果显示，城镇常住人口的增加使庆阳市社会公共服务资源趋于紧张;城镇基础公共服务与城镇化存在发展速度不匹配的“脱节”现象;快速城镇化对庆阳市经济公共服务形成较大压力。庆阳市公共服务完善度整体处在“中等”水平，发展空间较大，新时期乡村全面振兴和国内经济大循环的构建，对庆阳市而言既是挑战也是机遇。

关键词：庆阳市;城镇公共服务;完善度评价

中图分类号：F291       文献标志码：A        文章编号：1001-1463（2021）08-0033-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.08.009

Abstract：Effects of different N application rates and densities on the yield and water use efficiency of Codonopsis pilosula were studied. The results showed that different N application rates and densities had significant effects on the first and second grade Codonopsis pilosula yield. Under the condition of the same density， with the increase of N application the first and second grade yield of Codonopsis pilosula was the highest， when the N application rate of 120 kg/hm2， The yield and water use efficiency of Codonopsis pilosula were the highest. Under the same application rate， the proportion of the first and second grade products， the yield and the water use efficiency of density Cordonopsis pilosula were the highest when the density was 800 000 plants/hm2. In conclusion， 120 kg/hm2 of nitrogen application and 800，000 plants/hm2 of density are the optimum combination of fertilizer application and density for Codonopsis pilosula cultivation in the test area.

Key words：Codonopsis pilosula; Nitrogen application; Density; Yield; Water use efficiency

城镇化水平的高低是一个地区乃至国家经济发展的重要标志[1 ]，城镇公共服务指城市公共部门面向城市公众提供的公共产品和服务，包括城市基础设施的投资和维护、提供和加强就业岗位、社会保障服务，以及兴办和支持教育、科技、文化、医疗卫生、体育等公共事业。作为公共服务的现实载体，城镇的主要功能之一就是提供各种类型的、完善的公共服务，提供公共服务的能力决定了公共服务资源能否公平、高效地配置，也决定了居民享有公共服务资源的质量与数量[2 ]。完善的城镇公共服务也能促进消费和需求，进而形成需求牵引供给、供给创造需求的更高水平动态平衡[3 ]。随着经济持续高质量快速发展，我国城镇化水平不断提高，城镇面积不断扩大，城镇人口持续增加，对公共服务的要求也在不断提升。……