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车轴加工残余应力研究

2021-09-10宋韬管益辉秦述勇

内燃机与配件 2021年11期

宋韬 管益辉 秦述勇

摘要:随着人们生活水平的提升,对于出行的需求也在不断提升。为了适应越来越多的乘客,高速、重载成为了轨道车辆发展的方向,而高速内燃动车组也被提上研究方向。由于内燃动力包安装到车辆上,导致轴重进一步提升,对承重部件的性能要求更为严格。车轴作为承载中的核心部件,在行驶过程中受到轨道、悬挂系统的复杂随机旋转弯曲扭转载荷,工作环境十分恶劣。车轴在加工过程中会有残余应力的产生,尤其是空心车轴空心部位的加工,控制车轴加工残余应力对分析车轴疲劳寿命具有重要的意义。

Abstract: With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for travel is also increasing. In order to adapt to the increasing number of passengers, high-speed and heavy-duty rail vehicles have become the development direction, and high-speed internal combustion EMUs have also been put on the research direction. As the internal combustion power package is installed on the vehicle, the axle load is further increased, and the performance requirements of the load-bearing parts are more stringent. Axle, as the core part of load bearing, is subjected to the complex random rotation, bending and torsion load of track and suspension system in the process of driving, and the working environment is very bad. There will be residual stress in the processing of axle, especially in the processing of hollow part of axle. It is of great significance to control the residual stress in the processing of axle to analyze the fatigue life of axle.

关键词:车轴;加工;残余应力

Key words: axle;machining;residual stress

中图分类号:U260.331+.1                             文献标识码:A                                  文章编号:1674-957X(2021)11-0057-02

1  研究背景

轨道行业凭借其快速稳定,运量大,成本低一直在运输行业占有足够的地位。我国地域辽阔,人们对货物运输和出行需求量大,乘坐汽车的安全性不足而航空价位高运量小。铁路运输正好彌补了这些缺陷,成为人们首选的交通工具。近些年我国大力发展轨道行业,高速列车、双层列车、动车组列车、内燃动车组列车等相继被提出并设计生产。内燃动车组是近些年提出的研究方向,因为内燃动车组动力包搭载到车辆本上,车辆的轴重较高,而车轴作为核心部件在内燃动车组的可靠具有十分重要的研究意义。车轴加工是车轴生产过程中十分重要的步骤,适当的加工方法和加工工艺能够保证车轴加工的质量,进而保证车轴运行过程中的运行品质。……

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