SR20飞机点火系统故障分析及预防
2021-09-10周九来
周九来



摘要:SR20飞机是我分院主力训练机型,其故障率的高低不仅关乎飞行安全更直接影响飞行训练进度。根据近年来该机型故障统计分析,点火系统故障停场率较高。常见的故障现象有发动机抖动、磁电机不工作、磁电机调转多调转超差或者不掉转、EGT或CHT偏低等,因此对该机型进行全面具体的点火系统故障机理分析并结合实际排故案例,整理故障现象、故障原因并汇总排故及预防方法,为后续该机型点火系统维护提供便利是十分重要的。
关键词:点火系统;故障分析;预防
Abstract: SR20 aircraft is the main training model of our institute. Its failure rate is not only related to flight safety, but also directly affects the flight training schedule. According to the fault statistics and analysis of this model in recent years, the fault stop rate of ignition system is high. Common malfunctions are engine jitters, magneto does not work, magneto jerked back more super poor or do not turn, EGT or CHT is low, etc., thus sweeping specific ignition system of the aircraft fault mechanism analysis and combined with the actual troubleshooting cases, failure phenomenon, failure reason and summary troubleshooting and preventive methods, provide convenience for the follow-up the aircraft ignition system maintenance is very important.
Key words: ignition system;failure analysis;prevention
0 引言
点火系统是活塞发动机重要的工作系统,其性能的好壞对发动机的正常工作有很大影响,轻则发动机抖动,重则空中发动机停车,引发严重安全事故。本文以SR20飞机点火系统为例,对点火系统的组成及原理进行了简单介绍,对故障现象、机理、解决方案进行了全面系统的分析和总结,结合实际维护经验提出预防措施,对保证该机型发动机正常工作有重要意义。
1 SR20机型点火系统的组成及工作原理
点火系统是由点火电门、磁电机、高压导线、电嘴组成的。点火电门是控制磁电机工作的开关,磁电机负责在每个气缸压缩行程上死点前24°产生最高电压并由高压导线传送给各气缸电嘴,足够高的电压击穿电嘴中央极[2]和旁极之间的空气产生电火花,点燃气缸内的油气混合气,燃烧后的气体膨胀做功推动活塞往复运动,从而带动发动机曲轴和飞机螺旋桨旋转。……
