戴茂华 刘丽英 刘雪梅 李辰晖 吴振良

摘要：抗逆优质丰产棉花新品种的培育及应用是当前棉花生产节水提质增效的关键。‘衡棉1670是河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所以中早熟陆地棉品种资源材料‘衡棉210为母本，以‘衡棉4号为父本杂交，后代多年南繁北育，经旱棚盐池鉴定选择，在枯黄萎病混生重病地、不防治棉铃虫的高压胁迫下，经过多年连续定向选择育成。其突出表现为抗枯黄萎病、丰产优质、耐盐抗旱节水，适宜在河北省及黄河流域同类生态春播棉区推广种植，2019年8月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号为冀审棉20190013）。

关键词：陆地棉;‘衡棉1670;抗旱耐盐;品种选育

中图分类号：S562文献标志码：A论文编号：cjas2020-0044

Breeding of ‘Hengmian 1670：A Cotton Variety with Salt and Drought Tolerance，Good Quality and High Yield

DAI Maohua1，LIU Liying1，LIU Xuemei2，LI Chenhui1，WU Zhenliang1

（1Hebei Key Laboratory of Crops Drought Resistance/ Dryland Farming Institute，Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Hengshui 053000，Hebei，China;

2Agricultural Machinery Safety Supervision Bureau，Hengshui City，Hebei Province，Hengshui 053000，Hebei，China）

Abstract：Cultivation and application of new cotton varieties with high quality and high yield is the key to water- saving and improving quality and efficiency in cotton production. Dryland Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences took ‘Hengmian 210（resource material of middle- early maturity and disease-resistant upland cotton）as female parent and ‘Hengmian 4as male parent to carry out hybrid combinations. After years of continuous directional selection，‘Hengmian 1670was selected under disease stress，pest stress，salt stress and drought stress. ‘Hengmian 1670，approved by Hebei Province in August 2019 （Jishenmian 20190013），has outstanding performance such as the resistance to Fusarium and Verticillium wilts，high yield and quality，salt tolerance，drought resistance and water-saving，and it is suitable for planting in Hebei Province and similar ecological spring sowing cotton areas in the Yellow River Basin.

Keywords：Upland Cotton;‘Hengmian 1670;Drought Resistance and Salt Tolerance;Variety Breeding

0引言

中國是世界棉花生产大国，棉花是中国重要的经济作物，是纺织工业的重要原料，而且是关系国计民生的重要物资，棉花产业是中国国民经济的重要组成部分[1]。当前，中国棉花产业步入低谷期，棉花种植面积大幅下滑，粮棉争地是制约中国棉花产业发展的重要限制因子之一[2]。

棉花是抗逆性较强的作物，是盐碱地的先锋作物[3]。中国盐碱地面积超过3000万hm²，位居世界第三位，主要分布于沿海、内陆盐碱地、黄泛区等。中国河北省盐碱地面积较大，高达60万hm²，其中以衡水、沧州和邢台面积较大，而衡水、沧州、邢台等地均是冀中南棉区传统的植棉大市，土壤盐碱化严重降低了该区棉花产量和品质[4]。耐盐性是盐碱地棉花品种必须具备的重要性状[5]。……