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气雾栽培条件下不同营养液浓度对生菜生长特性的影响

2021-09-03张明宇齐瑞锋杨晶刘峰安帅霖

安徽农业科学 2021年15期

张明宇 齐瑞锋 杨晶 刘峰 安帅霖

摘要 利用华南农业大学叶类菜A营养液配方,研究了雾培条件下4种营养液EC值对生菜生长发育的影响。结果表明,不同EC值对生菜鲜重量、叶面积、叶绿素含量、茎粗和叶片数量的影响明显。其中,处理② EC值是标准EC值75%~100%的营养液的生菜鲜重、叶面积、茎粗和叶片数最大。而叶绿素含量则以EC值为标准EC值100%~125%的营养液处理最高。生菜中营养元素的含量与营养液的EC值有关,但当EC值超过一定范围时,会抑制生菜对某些营养元素的吸收。综合分析表明,处理②EC值为标准EC值75%~100%的营养液最适合气雾栽培生菜的生长,并有利于提高生菜质量。

关键词 雾培;EC值;生菜;生长特性

中图分类号 S 636.2  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2021)15-0155-04

Abstract Using the formula of leaf vegetable A nutrient solution of South China Agricultural University, the influence of the EC value of four nutrient solutions on the growth and development of lettuce under the conditions of fog culture was studied. The test results showed that different EC values had significant effects on the fresh weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, stem thickness and number of leaves of lettuce. Among them, the treatment ② EC value was 75% to 100% of the standard EC value of the lettuce fresh weight of the nutrient solution, with the largest leaf area, stem thickness and number of leaves. The chlorophyll content was the highest in the nutrient solution with the EC value of 100%-125% of the standard EC value. The content of nutrient elements in lettuce was related to the EC value of the nutrient solution, but when the EC value exceeded a certain range, it would inhibit the lettuces absorption of certain nutrient elements. Therefore, the comprehensive analysis showed that the treatment of the nutrient solution with the IIEC value of 75%-100% of the standard EC value was most suitable for the growth of lettuce in aerosol cultivation and was beneficial to improve the quality of lettuce.

Key words Spray culture;EC value;Lettuce;Growth characteristics

作者简介 张明宇(1980—),男,吉林长春人,高级工程师,从事设施农业技术研究。*通信作者,研究员,从事农业工程研究。

收稿日期 2020-12-10

肥液施用量不足或过量都会影响农作物生长,导致产量和质量降低[1-5]。因此,在气雾栽培过程中营养液的浓度已成为发展生菜无土栽培的关键因素之一[6-13]。笔者在不同营养液浓度条件下,以气雾栽培为基础研究生菜全株鲜重、叶面积、叶绿素含量、茎粗、叶片数的生长特性变化,探讨了营养液浓度对生菜植株生长影响的生理效应。为建立优质高产温室气雾栽培生菜的肥水运筹系统提供理论基础和技术依据[14-16]。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

供试散叶生菜,长方形气雾栽培槽,营养液自动浇灌定时控制器。

1.2 试验设计

试验于2020年9月在吉林省农业机械研究院设施大棚内进行。……

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