杨小林 苏元君 李星亮 余春林 杨朝武 王蓉芳 吴锦波 何世明 邱韵 牟桑

摘要 為了探索适量添加复合性维生素制剂对藏鸡产蛋后期生产性能和蛋壳品质的影响，采用单因子随机分组方法随机选择360只体重相近、健康状况良好的338日龄的阿坝藏鸡1系种鸡，随机分成2组，其中试验组240羽，对照组120羽。试验组在饮水中额外添加一定剂量的复合维生素制剂，对照组不添加，试验期60 d，测定日产蛋数、总蛋重和日死淘数，血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和血钙（Ca）含量，蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度以及鸡蛋内维生素A、维生素D含量等。结果表明：试验组种鸡平均产蛋率、全期死淘率等产蛋性能要好于对照组。试验组平均蛋壳强度比对照组高1.07 kg/cm2，试验组和对照组蛋壳厚度无明显差异，试验组平均产蛋率、平均蛋重、蛋壳强度等指标的测定值整齐度要高于对照组。对照组的平均蛋重显著高于试验组（ P <0.05），但试验组和对照组平均产蛋率、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度差异均不显著（ P >0.05）。试验组、对照组种鸡血钙、碱性磷酸酶、鸡蛋内维生素A、D含量等差异均不显著（ P >0.05）。以上结果表明藏种鸡日粮中添加复合多维制剂能有效改善、缓解热应激对种鸡产蛋性能的负面影响，使产蛋后期死淘率降低;短期补充复合多维制剂，并不能提升鸡蛋内容物VA含量。

关键词 阿坝藏鸡;维生素含量;产蛋性能;蛋壳质量

中图分类号 S 831.4  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）15-0088-03

Abstract In order to explore the effects of appropriate addition of compound vitamin preparations on the production performance and eggshell quality of Tibetan chicken in late laying period， 360 338dayold Aba Tibetan Line 1 chicken with similar body weight and good health was randomly selected by using a single factor method and  randomly divided into two groups. 240 chicken were in the experimental group and 120 chicken were in the control group. A certain dose of multivitamin preparation was added in the drinking water in the experimental group， while there was no addition in the control group. The experimental period was 60 days. The daily egg production， total egg weight， daily deadcatching number， the contents of serum alkaline phosphatase （ALP） and blood calcium （Ca）， eggshell strength and eggshell thickness， and the content of vitamin A and vitamin D in the egg were determined. The results showed that the average egg production rate and the wholeperiod deadcatching rate of breeders in the experimental group were better than those in the control group. The average eggshell strength in the experimental group was 1.07 kg/cm2 higher than that of the control group， and there was no significant difference of eggshell thickness between the two groups. The measured values of the average egg production rate， average egg weight， eggshell strength and other indices were more uniform than those in the control group. The average egg weight in the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental group （ P <0.05）， the average egg production rate， eggshell strength and eggshell thickness had no significant difference between the experimental group and control group（ P >0.05）. The content of blood calcium， alkaline phosphatase， vitamin A and D had no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group（ P >0.05）. The above results showed that adding compound multidimensional preparations in the diet of Tibetan breeders could effectively improve and alleviate the negative impact of heat stress on the laying performance of breeders， and reduce the deathcatching rate in the late laying period. The shortterm supplementation of multivitamin preparations could not increase the content of VA in the egg.

Key words Aba Tibetan chicken;Content of vitamin;Laying performance;Eggshell quality

基金项目 四川省“十三五”畜禽育种攻关项目（2016NYZ0043）;四川省科技厅2018年重点研发项目（2018ZDYF1354）。

作者简介 杨小林（1986—），男，湖北黄冈人，畜牧师，硕士，从事家禽遗传育种研究。