申健 刘德江 李淑贤 丛慧颖 田立娟

摘要 为了控制龙芽楤木茎段水培中污染问题，采用不同稀释倍数木醋液进行培养。通过抑菌圈和细菌、真菌数量检测研究木醋液的抑菌效果。通过嫩芽生长和营养成分含量测定筛选出较适宜木醋液浓度。结果表明，木醋液在抑制细菌和真菌方面具有一定的作用，且随着木醋液稀释倍数的增大抑菌作用逐渐降低。木醋原液处理细菌抑菌圈直径为28.05 mm，真菌抑菌圈直径为17.62 mm。木醋液各处理细菌和真菌增长速度减缓，低于对照增长速度。稀释30倍处理，嫩芽生长及营养成分含量表现较好。嫩芽长度为15.9 cm，鲜重为27.58 g，叶绿素含量为0.436 mg/g，蛋白质含量为8.9 g/kg，可溶性总糖含量为23.86 g/kg，维生素C含量为187.3 mg/kg。生产实践中，综合考虑抑菌活性及嫩芽生长等情况，可以选择稀释30倍木醋液，10 d更换一次培养液进行培养。

关键词 木醋;龙芽楤木;水培;抑菌作用;嫩芽生长

中图分类号 S 647  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）15-0051-04

Abstract In order to control the contamination of stem in the hydroponics，different dilution ratios of wood vinegar were used for culture.The antibacterial effect of wood vinegar was studied by measuring inhibitory zone diameter and the number of bacteria and fungi.The optimum wood vinegar concentration was determined by the growth of buds and the content of nutrients.The results showed that wood vinegar had certain inhibitory effect on bacteria and fungi，and the inhibitory effect gradually decreased with the increase of dilution ratio of wood vinegar.The inhibitory zone diameter of bacteria of wood vinegar was 28.05 mm，and that of fungi was 17.62 mm.The growth rate of bacteria and fungi in wood vinegar was slower than that in control.The growth and nutrient content of the buds were better under 30 times dilution.The length of the buds was 15.9 cm，the fresh weight was 27.58 g，the chlorophyll content was 0.436 mg/g，the protein content was 8.9 g/kg，the soluble total sugar content was 23.86 g/kg，and the vitamin C content was 187.3 mg/kg.In production practice，considering the antibacterial activity and the growth of buds，the wood vinegar solution can be diluted 30 times and replaced with a culture medium for 10 days.

Key words Wood vinegar; Aralia elata （Miq）Seem;Hydroponics;Antibacterial effect;Growth of buds

基金項目 黑龙江省教育厅基础研究项目（2016-KYYWF-0576）;佳木斯大学博士基金项目（22Zb201512）。

作者简介 申健（1979—），女，吉林辉南人，副教授，博士，从事经济植物栽培生理研究。

收稿日期 2020-12-03

龙芽楤木（ Aralia elata （Miq.）Seem.）又名辽东楤木、刺嫩芽、刺老芽等，是五加科楤木属落叶小乔木或灌木，其嫩芽为东北地区特产山野菜[1]。龙芽楤木在我国多分布于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、北京、河北等地，朝鲜、俄罗斯和日本也有少量分布[2]。龙芽楤木是一种药食两用植物，其嫩芽营养丰富，含蛋白质、粗纤维、脂肪、糖类、维生素、微量元素等多种营养物质[3]。……