李鹏 边玮瓅 刘彬 李丹 毕温凯

摘 要：目前，天津市西青区大气污染防治进入攻坚期。因此，本文对西青区2017—2019年空气质量自动监测数据进行分析。结果表明，西青区空气质量有逐年向好的趋势，但O3污染问题日益突出;PM2.5占比有所下降，但它依旧是最主要的污染物;O3占比超过PM10和NO2，成为仅次于PM2.5的第二大污染物。O3各月浓度呈凸形分布，其他污染物浓度总体呈凹形分布。最值浓度基本分布在7—8月和12至次年1月。O3日变化为明显的单峰结构，其他污染物呈双峰结构。今后大气防治重点应从颗粒物的复合污染转为颗粒物复合污染与臭氧污染协同治理，全年紧抓颗粒物污染防治，同时长期坚持不懈地抓移动源污染治理，并做好道路交通优化。

关键词：空气质量;污染特征;西青区

中图分类号：X51文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-5168（2021）09-0134-03

Abstract： At present， the prevention and control of air pollution in Xiqing District of Tianjin has entered a critical period. Therefore， this paper analyzed the air quality automatic monitoring data of Xiqing District from 2017 to 2019. The results show that the air quality in Xiqing District has been improving year by year， but the problem of O3 pollution has become increasingly prominent; the proportion of PM2.5 has declined， but it is still the most important pollutant; the proportion of O3 exceeds PM10 and NO2， which has become the second largest pollutant after PM2.5. The monthly concentration of O3 presents a convex distribution， and the concentration of other pollutants generally presents a concave distribution. The maximum concentration is basically distributed from July to August and from December to January of the following year. The daily change of O3 has an obvious unimodal structure， and other pollutants have a bimodal structure. In the future， the focus of atmospheric prevention and control should be shifted from particulate compound pollution to the coordinated treatment of particulate compound pollution and ozone pollution， and the prevention and control of particulate matter pollution should be focused on throughout the year， at the same time， long-term and unremitting efforts have been made to control mobile source pollution， and to optimize road traffic.

Keywords： air quality;air pollution characterization;Xiqing District

環境空气是指动物、植物和建筑物所暴露的室外空气，环境空气质量评价是指依据环境空气中主要污染物浓度的高低，定量描述空气的污染程度，它与人体健康息息相关。当前，我国空气环境污染问题比较严重，而京津冀地区是我国空气污染最重的区域之一[1-4]，十分有必要开展地区环境空气质量特征研究。

西青区位于天津市西南部，地处华北平原东北部，地势低平，平均海拔为2～5 m，河道沟渠纵横，坑塘洼淀密布。其处于暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候区，干湿季节分明，冬、夏季长，春、秋季短;春季干旱多风，夏季湿热多雨，秋季天高气爽，冬季寒冷少雪。……