杨丹 刘丽妍 李婷 韩永良 白静娜

摘 要：为解决增强型PVDF中空纤维膜的界面黏结问题，以PET针织管为增强体，PVDF为铸膜液，采用低温等离子体对针织管表面进行预处理，并利用浸没沉淀相转化法制备增强型中空纤维膜。通过测试增强膜的纯水通量、孔隙率、平均孔径及力学性能等，研究了不同等离子体处理时间对增强膜性能的影响。结果表明：等离子体处理对增强膜的纯水通量、孔隙率及平均孔径影响较小，但对改善增强膜界面结合强度效果明显。与未改性前相比，当处理时间为15 min时，增强膜的拉伸强度提升了22.6%，爆破强度提升了40%，超声振荡前后膜纯水通量的变化量减小了71.2%，这时膜的力学性能最佳，综合性能最优。

关键词：增强体;铸膜液;增强型PVDF膜;低温等离子体处理

中图分类号：TS186. 5  文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-265X（2021）03-0016-07

Abstract：In order to solve the interfacial bonding problem of reinforced PVDF hollow fiber membrane， the PET knitted tube was used as the reinforcement and polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） was used as the casting membrane solution to pretreat the surface of knitted tube by low temperature plasma. Besides， the reinforced hollow fiber membrane was prepared by immersion-precipitation phase transformation method. By measuring the pure water flux， porosity， average pore size and mechanical properties of the reinforced membrane， the effect of plasma treatment time on the performance of the reinforced membrane was studied. The results show that the plasma treatment had little effect on the pure water flux， porosity and average pore size of the reinforced membrane， while had obvious effect on improving the interfacial bonding strength of the membrane. Compared with that before modification， when the treatment time was 15 min， the tensile strength of the reinforced membrane increased by 22.6% and the blasting strength increased by 40%， while the change of pure water flux of the membrane before and after ultrasonic oscillation decreased by 71.2%. At this time， the mechanical performance of the membrane was the best and the comprehensive performance was the best.

Key words： reinforcement; casting membrane solution; reinforced PVDF membrane; low temperature plasma treatment

聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）是半结晶型热塑性聚合物，作为一种优良的高分子材料，有其顯著的化学稳定性、热稳定性及机械强度[1-4]，在膜领域得到了广泛地应用。然而单质的PVDF中空纤维膜在实际的膜生物反应器（MBR）运行过程中有着易污染，机械强度差等缺点，经常发生断丝状况，从而降低生产产量，增加成本。随着对膜强度要求的提高，增强型中空纤维膜的普及已经成为当前社会生产的必然趋势，它在有效提高膜强度的同时，能满足污水处理过程中对膜的性能要求。聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）具有优异的化学稳定性和机械强度，常用作增强膜的支撑体，它的补强作用可大大延长膜的使用寿命，然而PET分子结构规整，缺少足够的极性基团和亲水基团，且PVDF疏水性强，制备的增强膜在实际应用过程中容易发生局部剥离现象，从而影响膜的过滤性能[5-6]。……