程慧婕 王燕珍

摘 要：为研究在跑步时人体手臂皮肤的变化特征，进而指导紧身跑步服衣袖面料弹性参数和样板设计，将跑步时的手臂循环动作分解成后摆、缓冲和前抬，利用三维运动捕捉系统，采集运动员跑步时摆臂稳定后3个实验动作对应标记点的三维坐标，并计算各动作的手臂角度;再用体表描线法，分别测量7名女子按角度摆放不同动作时手臂皮肤网格线的伸缩量，分析各动作时手臂皮肤横、纵向分段与整线的形变特征。结果表明：各动作的手臂皮肤横向变化率更复杂且差异较大，在臂根附近的皮肤随手臂的运动方向相应产生较明显的变化;纵向线的伸缩特征由于手臂的弯折，主要集中表现在肘部附近，且屈曲越大，肘部的变化率越大。

关键词：跑步;手臂;皮肤;拉伸测量;变化率

中图分类号：TS941.17  文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-265X（2021）03-0057-08

Abstract： In order to study the change characteristics of human arm skin during running， and then guide the design of the fabric or pattern of the sleeves of tight running clothes， firstly the cyclic movement of the arm during running was decomposed. Back swinging， buffering and front lifting were used as experimental movements. The three-dimensional motion capture system was used to collect the three-dimensional coordinates of the marked points corresponding to the three experimental movements after the athletes swing arm became stable during running， and the arm angle in each movement was calculated. Then the stretching values of the arm skin grid lines of 7 women in different movements at different angles were measured by the body surface line drawing method， and the deformation characteristics of the horizontal and vertical segments of arm skin and the entire line were analyzed under each movement. The results showed that the horizontal change rate of the arm skin in each movement was complex and differed a lot. The skin near the root of the arm changed significantly with the direction of the arms movement. Due to the bending of the arm， the vertical extension characteristics mainly concentrated near the elbow， and the greater the flexion， the greater the change rate of the elbow.

Key words：running; arm; skin; stretching measurement; change rate

运动时，人体各部位产生的不均匀皮肤形变会作为第三运动特征与服装在体表的附着形态相互影响[1]。结合人体功效学，研究运动状态时的人体皮表变化指导紧身服装弹性参数设计

满足人体肢体动作引发的皮肤伸缩变化，保障技术动作的出色完成。近年来，皮肤拉伸测量广泛应用在各类运动服装设计中，王燕珍等[2]、刘婕羽等[3]测量人体在不同跑步姿势时的下肢皮表变化量，用于优化跑步裤装的样板;Choi等[4]从腰线以下测量人体基本动作的皮表变化来指导裤装放松量并结合织物的拉伸特性以达到裤装合身度。……