王国明 孙胃涛 赵新学

摘要：在激光冲击强化过程中，保证激光能量的充分吸收，提高冲击波的峰值压力，以获得高质量的冲击效果。对于平面区域的冲击强化，只需将激光的入射光束与冲击平面垂直即可，但是对于曲面零件的冲击定位却没有得到很好的解决。以航空发动机叶片为例，采用德国 GOM公司生产的 ATOSII扫描系统获得点云数据，采用有效的点云精简办法对点云进行简化，获得点云的拓扑结构，并进行叶片重构，获得叶片的三维模型。将叶片模型导入三维软件 Pro/E中，通过三维软件 Pro/E软件中的基准坐标系、基准面、基准轴和基准点的变换，获得冲击点的基准坐标系中的法线方向。利用德国 KUKA公司生产的 KR5arc型机器人调整叶片位姿，使得激光束的入射光线与冲击点的法线重合，以获得高质量的冲击效果。

关键词：激光冲击;叶片;法线;机器人

中图分类号：TG156             文献标志码：A        文章编号：1009-9492（2021）12-0075-04

Study on the Normal Direction of Laser Shock Aeroengine Blade Strengthening Point

Wang Guoming ，Sun Weitao ，Zhao Xinxue

（College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering， Binzhou University， Binzhou， Shandong 256600， China）

Abstract： In the process of laser shock processing， the full absorption of laser energy is ensured and the peak pressure of shock wave is increased to obtain high quality impact effect. For the impact enhancement in the plane area， it is only necessary to make the incident beam of the laser perpendicular to the impact plane， but the impact location of the curved parts has not been solved well. The aeroengine blade was taken as an example， the atosii scanning system produced by GOM company in Germany was used to obtain the point cloud data， the effective point cloud reduction method was used to simplify the point cloud and obtain the topological structure of the point cloud， and the blade was reconstructed to obtain the three-dimensional model of the blade. The blade model was imported into the three-dimensional software Pro/E， and the normal direction of the impact point in the reference coordinate system was obtained through the transformation of the reference coordinate system， reference plane， reference axis and reference point in the three-dimensional software Pro/E. The KR5arc robot produced by KUKA company of Germany was used to adjust the position and posture of the blade， so that the incident light of the laser beam coincided with the normal of the impact point， so as to obtain high-quality impact effect.

Key words： laser shock; leaf; normal; robot

0 引言

葉片是飞机发动机的关键零部件，航空发动机叶片因为工作环境恶劣经常出现打伤、高周循环疲劳和榫齿裂纹折断等故障[1]。因此，要想保住发动机叶片的使用寿命，就必须寻求一种能够对发动机叶片有效修复的技术。传统的工艺技术，如：锻打、喷丸硬化、冷挤压等对叶片的修复效果均不理想。20世纪70年代，激光开始逐渐用于金属材料表面的改性处理工艺，包括激光表面熔覆、表面合金化、激光化学气相沉积、以及激光冲击改性技术等[2-4]。激光冲击强化技术在美国已有40多年的发展历史，从事激光冲击强化生产服务的主要有通用电气公司、金属表面公司和激光冲击强化公司等3家公司。……