李伟 鞠文亮 方宇轩 李江全 葛志华 肖耘亚

摘要：汽车驱动轴与轮毂多采用花键联接。随着电动机和电池技术的发展进步，电动汽车的使用日益广泛，但是电动汽车起速快、瞬时扭矩大、启停频繁的特点要求花键副具有较高的扭转强度，对现有汽车轮毂花键的设计提出了更高的要求。目前关于花键的研究多放在加工成型上，对花键自身却鲜有探究。从生产实例出发，结合国家设计标准，采用编程方式探究花键相关参数对汽车轮毂花键副性能的影响规律。并在花键副所受最大转矩 T=1510 N ·m的实际工况条件下，遵循五大强度设计要求，对汽车轮毂花键副进行了参数优化设计。为了使理论数值分析的结果更加可靠，对所设计结果进行了有限元仿真分析，完成了对花键副强度和疲劳寿命的仿真校核分析，为实际生产提供了有益的指导和参考。

关键词：汽车轮毂花键副;强度设计;参数优化;仿真分析

中图分类号：TH131.4             文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-9492（2021）12-0010-06

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Structural Design and Simulation Research of Automobile Hub Spline

Li Wei1，2，Ju Wenliang1，Fang Yuxuan1，Li Jiangquan3，Ge Zhihua3，Xiao Yunya4（1. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering， Hunan University， Changsha 410082， China;

2. National Engineering Technology Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding Technology， Hunan University， Changsha 410082， China;

3. Hubei New Torch Technology Co.， Ltd.， Xiangyang， Hubei 441000， China;

4. Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering， Shaoguan University， Shaoguan， Guangdong 512000， China）

Abstract： The connections between automobile drive shaft and wheel hub mainly use spline coupling. Nowadays， electric vehicles （EVs） are increasingly widely used with the technological progress of motor and battery. The EVs have several significant features such as high starting speed， large instantaneous torque and frequent starts and stops， which put forward higher requirements for the design of existing automobile hub spline. The current researches on spline are mostly focused on processing and forming but little on spline itself. A programming method was developed to measure the influence that spline's relevant parameters have on the performance of automotive hub spline pair， and the whole research was based on the national standard and production instances. Under a practical working condition that the maximum torque of spline pair was 1510 N ·m， and the parameters optimization design of automobile hub spline pair was carried out according to strength design criteria. In order to make the theoretical numerical analysis result more reliable， the strength and fatigue life of spline pair was simulated and analyzed via finite element method， and it provided beneficial guidance and reference for practical production.

Key words： automobile hub spline pair; strength design; parameter optimization; simulated analysis

0 引言

花鍵联接是平键联接在数目上的一种发展，较平键联接而言，这种联接受力较为均匀，传递扭矩大，广泛应用于汽车驱动轴与轮毂的联接中。然而随着动力系统的更新发展，要求花键联接具有更高的强度，对现有汽车轮毂花键提出了进一步的要求。

目前，国内外学者已对渐开线花键展开了诸多研究。吴修义[1]分析了加工渐开线花键的小模数滚轧轮的设计特点。Francesca Curà等[2]对渐开线花键联轴器齿间接触压力分布所产生的合力的位置进行了研究。……