袁征 吴小龙 张海洋 雷正 杨浩 蔡鹏

摘要：海洋钻修井装置作业前检验，是海上钻修井作业过程中的重要环节。做好作业前检验工作，使作业装置满足作业和安全的要求，是后续作业顺利、安全、高效进行的重要保障。文章根据南海西部近5年来海洋钻修井装置作业前检验工作的现状，从管理、技术层面对作业前检验存在的问题进行剖析，并给出了相关建议。如：作业前检验全生命周期管理的流程及强化措施;保持验船人员的公用机制;引进、培养一支固定的验船队伍;制定验船标准化手册;增加验船技术手段等。为进一步提高海洋钻修井装置检验质量及海上钻修井作业保驾护航。

关键词：作业前检验;海洋钻修井装置;钻前检验;验船;钻修井作业

中图分类号：P75文献标志码：A文章编号：1005-9857（2021）11-0073-03

A Brief Discussion on the Problems and Countermeasures in the Pre-operation Inspection of Offshore Drilling and Workover Unit YUAN Zheng，WU Xiaolong，ZHANG Haiyang，LEI Zheng，YANG Hao，CAI Peng （Zhanjiang Branch，CNOOC Enertech-QSHE Services Co.，Zhanjiang 524057，China）

Abstract：Pre-operation inspection of offshore drilling and workover unit is an important link in the process of offshore drilling and workover. It is an innportant guarantee for the smooth， safe and efficient follow-up operation to do the pre-operation inspection well and make the operating device meet the re-quirements of operation and safety. According to the current situation of pre-operation inspection of off-shore drilling and workover units in the western South China Sea in recent five years， the paper analyzed the existing problems of pre-operation inspection freom the management and technical aspects， and pro-vided the life-cycle management process and strengthening measures of pre-operation inspection. It was suggested to put forward to maintain the public mechanism of ship inspection personnel; Receive new professional ship inspection personnel resources;Introduce and cultivate a fixed ship survey team; For-mulate a standardization manual for ship survey; Add ship survey technology etc.， so as to further im-prove the inspection quality of offshore drilling and workover units and protect offshore drilling and workover operations.

Keywords：Pre-operation inspection，Offshore drilling and workover unit， Pre-drill inspection， Survey，Drilling and workover operations

0引言

開展海洋钻井装置作业前检验（也称之为验船[1]）工作是中国海洋石油行业标准和规范的要求[1-12]。做好验船工作，保障海洋钻修井作业过程中人员安全及设备设施的安全运行，使人员伤害和设备损坏降到最低程度，提高作业的安全性和时效性[13-14]，是作业者迫切关注的问题。

近年来，随着南海西部钻修井作业量的增多，作业过程中人员、设备安全问题日益严峻，作业者对验船工作的要求越来越高，验船质量亟待提升。

1作业前检验工作现状

目前，验船工作的基本流程主要为承包商组建验船组，验船组依据检验计划、检验大纲到达现场进行检验[1-2]。验船组成员一般包括钻井、井控、动力、电气、安全环保、海事、动力定位等方面的专业技术人员，检验方法主要是以人的经验判断为主要技术手段，采用证书资料查验、外观检查、功能试验、压力测试、联合调试5种方式进行。……