基于社会支持理论视角的养老服务研究综述
2021-08-19谭有模
谭有模
【摘 要】论文采用文献研究的方法对我国养老服务方面的文献进行梳理。在养老模式分类上,重从老年人物质、经济、居住等外在方面的研究,轻从老年人心理、精神等内在方面的研究;在养老模式问题上,重从老年群体的角度探讨老年人的养老问题,轻从特殊老年群体的角度探讨养老问题;在养老服务保障上,重养老资金和服务保障方面的制度和政策落实,轻养老服务人才的保障支持。最后提出构建积分养老服务模式,解决养老服务供需失衡的问题。
【Abstract】This paper uses the method of literature research to sort out the literature of elderly care services in China. In terms of the classification of elderly care modes, the literature focuses on the research of external aspects such as the material, economy, and housing of the elderly, while lightening the research of the internal aspects such as the psychology and spirit of the elderly. In terms of the problems of elderly care modes, the literature focuses on the problems of elderly care from the perspective of the elderly group, and lightly discusses the problems of the elderly care from the perspective of the special elderly group. In terms of the guarantee of elderly care services, the literature emphasizes the implementation of systems and policies in the aspects of pension funds and service guarantees, and lightens the guarantee and support of the talents for elderly care services. Finally, the paper proposes to construct the integral elderly care service mode to solve the problem of imbalance between supply and demand of elderly care services.
【关键词】老龄化;积分养老;养老服务模式
【Keywords】aging; integral elderly care; elderly care service mode
【中图分类号】D669.6 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069(2021)09-0167-03
1 引言
2019年11月21日中共中央、国务院印发的《国家积极应对人口老龄化中长期规划》中提到,2000-2018年,60岁以上老年人口从1.26亿增加到2.49亿,老年人口占总人口的比重从10.2%上升至17.9%,而且未来一段时间,老龄化程度将持续加深。人口老龄化引发了养老资金保障、服务保障和养老服务人员等需求的大幅增长,但仍不同程度地存在一些问题,如传统家庭养老模式面臨严峻挑战、机构养老服务压力增大[1],居家养老服务不容乐观、供需失衡[2],养老金存在不可持续的风险、社会养老服务有效供给不足[3],社会力量参与动力不足,现有支持政策法规不完善[4],尤其是服务主体参与积极性不高、社会资本投入积极性差[5]。面对这样的困局,我们该如何应对呢?本文从国内外的文献资料中来探索研究这个问题。
2 关于养老服务的两种理论研究视角……p>
