提高铁路隔声窗施工效率
2021-08-19张纯
张纯
【摘 要】随着新建铁路的不断开通，铁路穿越村庄或城市时产生的噪声污染急剧增加，对沿线居民的生活带来了较大的负面影响。因此，当铁路穿越村庄或城市时必须考虑噪声防治。隔声窗是一种有效降低噪声的方式，降噪效果可达25dB（A）。针对哈大客专公司隔声窗验收计划和施工进展，通过成立QC小组并开展提高铁路隔声窗施工效率活动。QC小组对现场施工效率低的原因进行针对性分析并提出相关对策，同时通过与沿线居民的有效沟通，避免了社会矛盾的产生，有效地提高了隔声窗安装速度，将安装工期压缩到2/3，对后期新建铁路沿线隔声窗施工具有一定的借鉴意义。
【Abstract】With the continuous opening of the new railway， the noise pollution caused by the railway passing through villages or cities has increased sharply， which has a great negative impact on the life of the residents along the line. Therefore， noise prevention and control must be considered when the railway passes through villages or cities. Sound insulation window is an effective way to reduce noise， and the noise reduction effect can reach 25dB （A）. In view of the acceptance plan and construction progress of sound insulation window of Harbin-Dalian Passenger Dedicated Line Company， the QC group was established and the activities to improve the construction efficiency of railway sound insulation window were carried out. The QC team analyzed the causes of low on-site construction efficiency and put forward relevant countermeasures. At the same time， QC group communicated with residents along the line effectively， avoiding the emergence of social contradictions， effectively improving the installation speed of sound insulation window， compressing the installation period to 2/3， which has certain reference significance for the construction of sound insulation window along the new railway in the later period.
【關键词】噪声;隔声窗;QC小组
【Keywords】noise; sound insulation window; QC group
【中图分类号】F532;TU112.59+2 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069（2021）09-0194-03
1 工程概况
隔声窗措施是目前在治理实践中应用最广泛的交通噪声污染缓解措施之一。隔声窗是窗户的一种形式，通过玻璃、窗框及其组合材料的改进，有效控制相应的“吻合效应”并在声波通过隔声窗时形成“低谷效应”，以确保室内环境使用功能。隔声窗对环境空气噪声治理效果较好，但不能应用于二次结构噪声的防治。从设置原则上来说，对噪声监测或预测超标的较分散敏感点或通过设置声屏障等措施后，评价范围内的敏感点包括高层仍不能满足达标要求，则需要设置隔声窗作为补充。铁路建设项目隔声窗工程是伴随环境影响评价工作和噪声污染防治而采取的一种治理措施。隔声窗设计主要依据GB 50118—2010《民用建筑隔声设计规范》的要求，隔声窗的隔声性能按隔声量共分为五级，其隔声量最低要求需大于或等于25dB（A）[1]。……
