彭胜

[關键词] 炎症因子;疗效;慢性阻塞性肺疾病;尘肺;灌洗治疗

[中图分类号] R563          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）19-0104-04

Analysis of the effect of lung lavage on pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD

PENG Sheng

The Third Department of Occupational Diseases， Hu′nan Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital， Changsha   410007， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effect of lung lavage treatment in patients with pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Methods A total of 82 patients with pneumoconiosis and COPD treatment in our hospital between March 2018 and March 2020 were selected as the study samples. They were divided into the conventional group and the experimental group，with 41 cases in each group by a random number list method. The conventional group was given basic treatment measures， and the experimental group was given basic treatment and small-volume lavage treatment. The total effective rate of treatment in each group was compared. At admission and one month after intervention， the first second forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity （FEV1/FVC）， forced expiratory volume in one second as percentage of predicted（FEV1）， arterial oxygen partial pressure （PaO2）， 6 min walk test distance， St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire （SGRQ） score were compared. Results The total effective rate of treatment was 97.56% in the experimental group，which was higher than that of 80.49% in the conventional group，with significant difference （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in FEV1/FVC， FEV1， PaO2 levels between the two groups after one month of intervention （P>0.05）. After one month of intervention， the 6-minute walk test distance of patients in the experimental group was longer than that in the conventional group， and the 6-minute walk test distance of the two groups after one month of the intervention was longer than that at admission， with significant difference （P<0.05） . After one month of intervention， the SGRQ scores of patients in the experimental group were lower than those in the conventional group， and the SGRQ scores of the two groups after one month of intervention were lower than those at admission ，with significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion The lavage treatment for patients with pneumoconiosis and COPD can enhance the treatment effect， improve their exercise endurance， and improve the quality of life of the patients， but it has no significant effect on improving the lung function of the patients.

[Key words] Inflammatory factors; Curative effect; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Pneumoconiosis; Lavage treatment

尘肺病主要是指在职业活动或生活环境中长时间吸入无机矿物质粉尘，粉尘在肺内潴留而导致以肺组织弥漫性结节状或网格状纤维化为特征的一组疾病[1]。在疾病早期，患者通常无明显临床表现，但伴随病程的发展，可逐渐出现咳嗽、咳痰以及气促等临床表现。该病病程较长，在患病后即使脱离粉尘接触环境，病情仍然会进展及加重。而对于伴有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD）的患者而言，由于患者肺部功能受到明显损伤，导致其活动耐量下降，严重者会丧失生活能力，使得生活质量水平明显降低，还会对患者生命安全产生威胁[2]。因此，在疾病确诊后需立即采取有效措施干预。随着临床对尘肺及COPD研究的不断深入，有研究指出[3]，对尘肺伴COPD的患者实施肺部灌洗可提升治疗效果。但目前临床对这一说法尚未形成统一结论，一定程度上阻碍疾病治疗水平的提升。因此，本研究对试验组患者采用基础治疗及肺泡灌洗干预，效果鲜明，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2018年3月至2020年3月本院实施尘肺伴COPD治疗的82例患者为研究对象，采取随机数字排列表法将其分成试验组及常规组，每组各41例。试验组平均年龄（69.87±3.86）岁，平均病程（10.24±2.85）年，平均体质量指数（23.08±1.06）kg/m2。常规组患者平均年龄（70.08±3.97）岁，平均病程（10.36±2.93）年，平均体质量指数（22.96±1.01）kg/m2。试验组与常规组患者均为男性。两组患者一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。纳……