同业参照落差、竞争压力与企业研发行为
2021-08-16王芳



摘 要: 以契约参照点理论和行为决策理论为基础,基于中国上市公司2007—2016年的样本,实证探究了同业参照落差、竞争压力与企业研发行为三者之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)上一期同业参照落差越大,本期企业研发投入越小;(2)竞争压力越大,企业研发投入越大;(3)竞争压力对同业参照落差与企业研发投入之间的负向关系具有弱化作用。进一步研究发现,竞争压力的弱化作用在国有企业和成熟期企业中更加显著。在考虑了内生性问题之后,上述研究结论依旧成立。
关键词: 契约参照点理论;行为决策理论;企业研发
中图分类号: F 276
文献标志码: A
Peer Reference Gap, Competitive Pressure andCorporate R&D Investment
WANG Fang
(School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620, China)
Abstract: Based on the contract reference point theory and behavioral decision theory, takes the data of listed companies in China from 2007 to 2016 and empirically analyzes the relationship among peer reference gap, competitive pressure and corporate R&D investment. The results show that: (1) the greater peer reference gap of CEO is in the previous year, the lower corporate R&D investment is in this year; (2) the greater competitive pressure, the greater corporate R&D investment; (3) competitive pressure makes a weakening effect on the relationship between the peer reference gap and corporate R&D investment. Further research found that the weakening effect of competitive pressure is more significant in state-owned enterprises and mature enterprises. After considering the endogenous problem, the above findings are still established.
Key words: contract reference point theory; behavioral decision theory; corporate R&D
企業研发投入作为开展创新活动、提升创新效率的必要条件(李平和刘利利,2017),是企业获得长期竞争优势的内在动力,是走向国际化和提升企业价值的重要手段(董有德和陈蓓,2021)。目前,已有学者从期望业绩差距(王菁等,2016)、竞合战略(李东红等,2020)等方面对企业研发投入展开研究,并取得了丰硕成果。CEO作为企业的管理者,具有较高人力资本,其在企业研发投入决策中起着举足轻重的作用(何瑛等,2019)。此外,在委托代理分析范式下,由于两权分离的存在,代理人有动机和能力决定企业研发投入多寡,从而实现自身利益最大化。所以,从CEO层面探究企业研发投入具有重大研究意义。
随着对CEO薪酬激励机制研究的不断深入,学者们开始关注相对薪酬在CEO行为决策中所起的作用(徐细雄和谭瑾,2014)。在现有的薪酬研究成果中,有学者发现薪酬参照落差带来的不公平感对个体行为产生了很大影响(Mas,2006)。……
