孙继伟 林强

摘 要： 依据资源保护理论和社会认同理论，选取35家科技型中小企业的68个研发团队的132份领导-下属配对数据，探究了公民压力对员工创新绩效的影响机制，公民疲劳在二者之间的中介作用，以及组织认同在公民压力与员工创新绩效间的调节作用。研究结果表明，公民压力对员工的创新绩效具有负向影响，组织认同不仅在公民压力对员工创新绩效的影响中起部分调节作用，而且进一步调节了公民疲劳在公民压力与员工创新绩效间的中介效应，即员工的组织认同越低，公民压力通过公民疲劳对员工创新绩效的影响作用越强。研究结论对科技型中小企业在创新发展中对员工的管理实践具有指导意义。

关键词： 科技型中小企业;公民压力;公民疲劳;创新绩效;组织认同

中圖分类号： C 93

文献标志码： A

How Does Citizenship Pressure Affect Employee InnovationPerformance in Small and Medium-Sized Technology-BasedEnterprises： A Moderated Mediation Test

SUN Jiwei1 LIN Qiang2

（School of Management， Shanghai University， Shanghai 200444， China）

Abstract： According to the theory of resource conservation and job demands-resources model， 132 pairs of leader-subordinate matching data were selected from 68 research and development teams of 35 small and medium-size enterprise. This paper explores the influence mechanism of citizen pressure on employee innovation performance， the mediating role of citizen fatigue between the two， and the moderating role of organizational identity between citizen pressure and employee innovation performance. Research results show that the citizen pressure has a negative influence on innovation performance of employees， organizational identification in civil pressure not only plays a partial adjustment effects on employees′ innovation performance， and further regulate the citizens fatigue in citizen pressure and intermediary effect between employees′ innovation performance， namely， the lower the employee organizational identification， citizen pressure by citizens fatigue impact on employees′ innovation performance. The findings of the study have a guiding significance for the management practice of employees in the innovation development of small and medium-sized technology-based enterprises.

Key words： science and technology enterprise; citizenship pressure; citizenship fatigue; innovation performance; organization identity

1 理论基础与研究假设

1.1 资源保护理论

资源保护理论是在研究压力心理领域中发展的重要理论，早期对于压力现象的研究仅是从观察角度确立压力模型，却没有对压力构念展开测量。1989年，Hobfoll对压力研究给出了可以测量的定义，并阐释了压力情景中的个体行为取向，开启了COR（conservation of resources）理论在压力研究中的实证检验和理论建立的新方向。COR理论的主要观点为：组织中的个体偏向于保护和尽力地获取和构建对个人有价值的资源;当个体的资源面临损失或难以继续发展现有资源时，都会对个体造成资源消耗带来的压力威胁。

员工对资源的感知是与有价值资源相关的个体层次的认知。……