湘江沿岸传统聚落街巷空间形态研究
2021-08-14李晨曦周飞碟付予
李晨曦 周飞碟 付予



摘要 :传统聚落街巷空间作为人们交往活动的空间载体,在聚落发展的长河中发生着不同形态的变化。文章以湘江沿岸传统聚落街巷的空间形态为出发点,结合聚落的自然条件、人口迁徙和社会因素等方面分析街巷空间形成的主因,并通过对聚落街巷空间形态布局、肌理与尺度特征的梳理,為传统聚落街巷空间的发展和保护提供了重要的指导意义。
关键词:湘江沿岸 ;传统聚落 ;街巷空间形态
中图分类号 :TU982文献标识码 :A
文章编码 :1672-7053(2021)07-0125-02
Abstract :As the space carrier of people's communication activities, the traditional settlement street space is changing in different forms in the long river of settlement development. Based on the spatial form of the traditional settlement streets along the Xiangjiang River, this paper analyzes the main causes of the formation of street space in combination with the natural conditions of settlement, population migration and social factors, and provides important guiding significance for the development and protection of the traditional settlement street space through the combing of the spatial layout, texture and scale characteristics of the settlement streets and alleys.Key Words :Along the Xiangjiang River; Traditional Cluster; The Spatial Form of Streets
1 湘江沿岸传统聚落街巷空间的成因
1.1 江河聚村成巷
湘江直属于长江的七大支流之一,水系丰富,流经永州、衡阳、湘潭、长沙至岳阳的湘阴县,最后流入洞庭湖进长江。湘江沿岸传统聚落中地形、水源、气候等自然资源是聚落选址的重要参考因素。湖南衡阳祁东县归阳古镇(图 1),位于湘江中游北岸的冲击平原,地形开阔,清江、归阳河在此地汇入湘江。古镇水网密布,自然资源富饶,在该地形成了湘江上游最大的码头――归阳码头,成为了重要的物资集散地,也为归阳古镇提供了理想的交通、商贸、居住等条件 。此外,还有株洲渌口老街、湘潭窑湾老街和永州滴水村等传统聚落,其地理位置都处在河流的交汇口或弯道上。渌口老街(图 2)位于湘江与渌水的聚合处,水源充沛,资源丰富。渌水东来入渌口区,长达 50 余里。湘潭窑湾老街(图 3)和永州滴水村(图 4)都聚落于河流弯道处,呈典型的河流堆积地貌,河流水位浅,旱涝灾害发生频率较少。……
